Daoist Big-Dipper constellation lore
including Chinese purportedly Bauddha (but originally Daoist) scriptures
abbreviations :- D[ao]-z[an], P[elliot], S[tein], B[ei-jin], T[ais^o]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pp. 29-34 San-c^u Jin (‘3-Kitchens Sutra’) = Dun-Huan MSs S. 2673 & S. 2680 (T. 2894)
p. 30 no. of times repetition of gatha-s
gatha of __ |
# of * |
benefit |
wood |
90 |
long life |
fire |
30 |
not suffer from heat |
earth |
120 |
not experience hunger |
metal |
70 |
not suffer from cold |
water |
50 |
not suffer from thirst |
p. 31 results of silent recitation of gatha during yin double-hour (3 to 5 a.m.)
after __ days |
result |
3 |
decrease of physical energy |
7 |
regain of physical energy |
100 |
"mundane dishes of great refinement appear in each dream ... . Celestial perfumes become manifest." |
300 |
"one will no longer ... hunger or thirst." |
p. 32 "By reciting the gatha 360 times, one will be hungry no more."
pp. 32-33 meditative practices
p. |
practice |
32 |
"one recites the Method twenty-one times. ... For a period of seven days, one must not speak with anyone. ... he may ... eat jujubes ... . ... |
33 |
At dawn, one turns to the chen ... direction (southeast ...). Gong of the earth, drum of the sky! After fourteen days, one is nourished by the broth of jade (yujiang ...). ... If one recites them ["names of these deities"] without halt for one hundred days, one will not be hungry. |
p. 33 results for #s of signs
# |
signs |
result |
4 |
wu, ji |
"the entrails are firm and cold." |
4 (acc. to P. 3032) |
ren-gui |
"there is no longer any need to eat." |
6 |
jia, din (acc. to P. 3032) |
"the great granary is full." |
5 |
gen, xin |
"the five viscera are pure." |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
p. 69 (Dun-Huan MS P. 2055)
the 10 sutra-s for the traditional litourgy for the salvation of the dead : 7 for 7 7-day feasts over 49 days; + 3 for 3 subsequent memorial services
occasion (after death) |
Sutra __ |
1st week |
on Impermanence |
2nd week |
on the Water-Moon Guan-yin |
3rd week |
for the Conjuration of Bewitchments |
4th week |
on the Quaestions Asked by a Deity |
5th week |
of King Yama |
6th week |
for Protecting All Children |
7th week |
Heart of Prajn~a-paramita |
100th day |
of the Yu-lan Bowls |
1st anniversary |
on the Buddha’s Mother |
3rd anniversary |
on Good and Evil Causes and Results |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pp. 70-76 So-s^uo Z^ou-mei Jin (‘Bewitchments-Conjuration Sutra’) = Dun-Huan MSs S. 2088 & B. 8265
p. |
text |
|||||
71 |
during the epoch of Kon-wan (Dharma-gahana-abhi-udgata-raja, king immateriality – fn. 53), an old woman burned, at the entrance to a "wild fox’s den" (fn. 55), animal-fat in the middle of the night. "She thus constrained ... ["the god of the tree" (according to S. 3852 – fn. 57)], the General of the River (Hebo jiangjun ...), and the god of the Five Ways (Wudao shen ...)." |
|||||
72 |
"May the three beams and six pillars turn back ...! May evil and calamity ... flee 3,610 li away ...! |
|||||
I invite the divine kings of the __ Emperor |
of the __ |
to come and devour the sorceresss’s __." |
||||
Green |
east |
belly |
||||
Red |
south |
feet |
||||
White |
west |
head |
||||
Black |
north |
eyes |
||||
Yellow |
center |
hands |
||||
73 |
I invite hither the bull-headed hell-god A-ban [= Abo (fn. 75)]; |
|||||
I call hither the bodhi-sattva-s : |
||||||
name in Dun-Huan MS |
variant name in Nantsu-dera edn. |
|||||
Pu-xian (‘Universal Virtue’ = Samanta-bhadra), |
||||||
Gen-min (‘Changing Brightness’), |
||||||
Da-z^i (‘Great Knowledge’), |
||||||
74 |
Xian-guan (‘Delicate Light’), |
Men-guan |
||||
Da-guan (‘Great Light’), |
(fn. 78) Huo-guan |
|||||
Hua-guan (‘Variegated Light’), |
||||||
Yue-guan (‘Moon Light’), |
||||||
Lon-guan (‘Dragon Light’), |
||||||
Min-xin (‘planet Venus’), |
(fn. 79) Min-huan (‘Bright Sovereign’) |
|||||
Qian-yan (‘1000 Yan’), |
||||||
Yon-li (‘Valiant Force’), |
||||||
Pu-min (‘Universal Light’ = Samanta-prabha), |
||||||
Da-min (’Great Brightness’), |
||||||
Z^uan-lun (Cakra-vartin), |
||||||
Ton-guan (‘Uniform Light’), |
||||||
Ri-z^on (‘Midday’), |
||||||
S^u-wan (‘Tree-King’), |
||||||
Lon-tian (‘Dragon Caelestial’), |
||||||
Di-don (‘Earthquake’), and |
||||||
Jian-li (‘Established’). |
(fn. 80) Jian-yun (‘Established Cloud’) |
|||||
"May the __ |
of the __ |
come to devour the sorceresses’s __!" |
||||
giant beasts |
east |
bodies |
||||
millipedes and centipedes |
south |
eyes |
||||
white elephants |
west |
heads |
||||
black birds |
north |
hearts |
||||
dragon-kings |
center |
bodies |
||||
75 |
"All the Buddhas of the Ten Directions and the Seven Buddhas of the Past, the Sixteen Princely Buddhas ... are gathered together under the Dragon-Flower Tree [Naga-pus.pa – fn. 88] on the summit of Mount Sumeru." |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pp. 77-79 Jie-c^u Z^ou-zu Yan-mei Jin (‘Maledictions’ [&] Bewitchments’ Unbinding Scripture’) = Dun-Huan MS S. 2081, to be recited by (p. 77) a San-don dao-s^i (‘Daoist of the Three Grottoes’)
p. 78 divine armies
Emperors of the 5 Directions with their 9,000,000 horsemen (cavalry) |
San-wu Jian-jun (‘3 [&] 5 Generals’), Ba-fen S^i-z^e (’8 Winds Emissaries’), and Jiu-z^ou S^e (‘9 Regions Vassallords’), at head of 10,000 generals |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
p. 95 Z^u-bin Yuan-hou Lun (‘Illnesses’ Origin [&] Symptoms Treatise’), cap. 25
nosological malefactions
ailment |
aitiology |
gu poisons |
serpent, frog, lizard, or beetle |
ye-dao (‘savage paths’) |
"masterless gu" |
mao-gui (‘cat-daimones’) |
sorcerer |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
p. 102
ideal length of life
scriptural source |
lifespan |
Tai-pin Jin (‘Great Peace Book’) |
120 years |
Tai-s^an Don-xuan Lin-bao Ye-bao Yin-yuan Jin (Dz 336) 8/4b |
43,200 days |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pp. 109-111, 115, 121, 126-127 1st Yi-suan Jin (Tai-s^an Lao-jun S^uo C^an-s^en Yi-suan Miao-jin ‘Most-High Lao-Lord’s Revelation Prolonging-Life [&] Increasing-the-Account’ = Dz 650) [differing from 2nd Yi-suan Jin (Tai-s^an Lao-jun S^uo Yi-suan S^en-fu Miao-jin ‘Most-High Lao-Lord’s Revelation Increasing-the-Account Divine-Talismans Marvelous-Scripture’ = Dz 672); whereas the 3rd Yi-suan Jin (Tai-s^an S^en-z^ou Yan-s^ou Miao-jin ‘Most-High Divine-Incantations Life-Prolonging Marvelous-Scripture’ = Dz 358) is merely (p. 108, fn. 27) an abridgement of the 1st Yi-suan Jin]
pp. 110-111 #s of units of life-supplement to be acquired
p. |
life-supplement |
110 |
2,999 units, through 12,700 protective deities |
111 |
9,000,000,000 units, by Da-dao S^en-fu (‘Great Dao Divine Talismans’) |
p. 110 [also p. 122] domains controlled by stars of the Northern Dipper
star |
domain |
1st |
bad energies |
2nd |
ghosts |
3rd |
daimones |
4th |
bad dreams |
5th |
maledictions |
6th |
administrative altercations |
7th |
bankruptcy |
8th |
persons’ destiny |
9th |
daimonic spirits |
p. 115 (Dz 650.1b-2a) military generals of the 6 jia, their #s of officers, and benefits accords by them to one’s self
jia-__ |
General __ |
officers |
benefits |
zi |
Wan Wen-qin |
149 |
perfection, serenity |
xu |
Z^an Zi-jian |
135 |
expelling affliction |
s^en |
Hu Wen-z^an |
131 |
"return" one’s hun & po |
wu |
Wei S^an-qin |
139 |
longevity of 120 years |
c^en |
Men Fei-qin |
135 |
sparing all adversity |
yin |
Min Wen-z^an |
131 |
intercepting all daimones |
p. 116 Tao Hon-jin (456-536 Chr.E.) in his Z^en-gao (‘Perfecteds’ Declarations’) made allusions to "talismans of the six jia of the mobile Kitchens". "But the transcendent Six jia prized by the Shangqing adepts were female deities, "jade maidens (yunu: ...)". {were these 6 jade maidens brides of the 6 jia generals?}
p. 121 the 5 stars, apotropaic against what they are named for [these 5 stars "incorporate the virtues conferred upon them by the Generals of the Five Peaks" (p. 12]
Yuan-xin ‘star of hate’ |
Lian-xin ‘star of goodness’ |
Bi-xin ‘star of punishment’ |
Yin-huo ‘planet Mars’ |
Wei-xin ‘star of peril’ |
p. 123 functions of 5 fu (‘talismans’) "connected most likely to the Five Stars"
1st |
"to open the heart" |
2nd |
"to increase the life-account" |
3rd |
"to protect life" |
4th |
"to regulate the Five Phases" |
5th |
"[against] the murderous Aji demons and decrepitude" |
pp. 126-127 (Bauddha variant is T. 2904) the 10 species of gui (‘daimones’) to be suppressed by talismans
p. |
# |
species of daimones |
126 |
1st |
"that travel in the light" (Bauddha : "that travel in the sky") |
2nd |
"of mountains and forests" |
|
3rd |
"of the five regions" |
|
4th |
"of the chthonic breaths" |
|
5th |
"of deceased foreigners" |
|
6th |
"of those dead in prison" |
|
7th |
"of innnocent [victims]" |
|
8th |
"induced by evil spells" |
|
127 |
9th |
"male and female" (Bauddha : "of the past or recent dead, male and female, for three generations" |
10th |
"of putrid cadavers" |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pp. 139-140 Bei-dou Jin (‘Great Dipper Sutra’) (T. 1307) [derived from Tai-s^an Xuan-lin Bei-dou Ben-min Yan-s^en Z^en-jin (‘Mysterious-Power Great-Dipper Guiding-Destiny Promoting-Life Supreme-Scripture’) (Dz 622)]
p. |
# |
star |
1st branch |
2nd branch |
cereal as wages |
139-40 |
1st |
(139) Tan-lan (‘Greedy Wolf) |
1st zi |
(none) |
(140) millet |
140 |
2nd |
Ju-men (‘Great Gate’) |
2nd c^ou |
12th hai |
millet |
3rd |
Lu-cun (‘Persistent Happiness’) |
3rd yin |
11th xu |
rice |
|
4th |
Wen-qu (‘Civil Song’) |
4th mao |
10th you |
pease |
|
5th |
Lian-z^en (‘Pure Virtue’) |
5th c^en |
9th s^en |
hemp-seed |
|
6th |
Wu-qu (‘Military Song’) |
6th si |
8th wei |
soy |
|
7th |
Po-jun (‘Destroyer of Armies’) |
7th wu |
(none) |
pease |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pp. 147, 143
life-expectancies dependent on (& cereals for) the stars of Bei-dou
p. |
147, fn. 39 |
143 |
|
source |
Dun-huan MS P. 2675 |
Lu-min S^u (‘Wages [&] Fate Book’), as quoted by Yi-xin in Fan-tian Huo-lu Jiu-yao (T. 1311) |
|
star |
life-expectancy, reckoned in years |
cereal, reckoned in s^en |
|
7th |
95 |
80 |
1 |
6th |
87 |
85 |
1 |
5th |
83 |
80 |
1 |
4th |
95 |
90 |
4 |
3rd |
85 |
80 |
5 |
2nd |
-- |
80 |
8 |
1st |
-- |
65 |
2 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
p. 158 Bei-dou Qi-yuan Jin-xuan Yu-z^an (‘Northern-Dipper 7-Principles Golden-Mystery Winged-Stanzas’) (Dz 753)
cereal & tree (growing on mt. Tai) of each star
# |
star |
tree |
cereal |
1st |
Tan-lan |
pine, cypress |
millet |
2nd |
Ju-men |
pine |
rye |
3rd |
Lu-cun |
cypress |
rice |
4th |
Wen-qu |
cypress |
wheat |
5th |
Lian-z^en |
pine |
hemp-seed |
6th |
Wu-qu |
mulberry |
soybean |
7th |
Po-jun |
pine |
pease |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pp. 162 Bei-di Qi-yuan Zi-tin Yan-s^en Bi-jue (‘Northern-Emperor Purple-Court 7-Principles Secret-Instructions’) (Dz 1265) putatively revealed 239 Chr.E. by Most High Lord Lao to Ge Xian-wen (Ge Xuan) 2b; Yun-ji Qi-qian 25.2/25a
years’ prolongation of longevity for those who glimpse the "minor stars" of the Dipper
# |
star |
longevity |
8th |
Fu-xin |
300 |
9th |
Bi-xin |
600 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
p. 163 S^an-qin Jin-s^u Yu-tzi S^an-jin (‘S^an-qin Golden Scripture [in] Jade Characters’) (Dz 879)
bodily posture that must be adopted by practitioner while reclining on diagram of Great Dipper constellation designed on mat
body-part |
on __ star |
head |
3rd |
feet |
8th (Fu-xin) & 9th Bi-xin) |
left hand |
2nd |
right hand |
4th |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pp. 180-183 Tai-yi Jiu-ku Hu-s^en Miao-jin (‘Great-Unity Saviour-from-Suffering Marvellous-Scripture’) (Dz 351)
p. |
text |
|||
180 |
in Jiu-se Yu-tan (‘9-Colored Jade-Hall’) of Xuan-jin (‘Mysterious Light’) Palace, in Tai-wei Tian (‘Pure Subtlety Heaven’), Yuan-s^i Tian-zun (‘Primordial Commencement Heavenly Venerable’), seated on his throne of 7 jewels, revealeth this scripture to |
|||
181 |
a divine audience comprising : S^i-fan Tian-zun (’10 Directions Heavenly Venerables’), Dao-jun (‘Dao-Lord’), ... Yuan-jun (‘Origin-Lords’). |
|||
Yuan-s^i Tian-zun announceth that to the east, in Don-fan Z^an-le S^i-jie (World of Great Happiness), dwelleth Da Ci-ren Z^e (‘Great Benevolent’) Tai-yi Jiu-ku Tian-zun (‘Great Unity Saviour-from-Suffering Heavenly-Venerable’). |
||||
Jiu-ku Tian-zun "now appears on the front stage, facing the audience. He is a boy (tongzi ...) walking on lotus flowers. His mercy is manifest : ... he sobs until his costume is wet with tears. ... The divine assembly then sees the young man changing successively into four figures who, one after another, rise into the sky. Each of them is haloed with a bright light ..., and each is accompanied by a pair of nine-headed lions." |
||||
# |
apparitional transformation |
holding __ |
||
1st |
a Heavenly Venerable |
willow-branch & bottle of water |
||
2nd |
a di-jun (emperor-lord) |
ru-yi (‘sceptre’) |
||
3rd |
a Perfected |
s^en-guan (‘divine light’) penetrating the 9 levels of the sky & the 9 layers of the earth |
||
4th |
a barefoot woman with loose hair, wearing a fire-colored brocade costume |
golden sword |
||
182 |
appellations for Jiu-ku Tian-zun depending on his locality |
|||
locality |
he is designated __ |
|||
heaven |
Tai-yi Fu-s^en (‘Great-Unity happiness-Deity’) |
|||
earth |
Great Benevolent |
|||
di-yu (‘hell’) |
Ri-z^ao Di-jun (‘Solar Brightness Emperor-Lord’) |
|||
haeretics’ realm |
S^i-zi Min-wan (‘Lion-King’) |
|||
water-office |
Don-yuan Di-jun (Abyss Emperor-Lord’) |
|||
"original form" |
Jiu-yan Z^i Jin (‘9-Yan Essence’) |
|||
13 "perilous situations from which any individual can be saved by requesting Jiuku tianzun’s intervention" :- "Those suffering from disease"; "Officials whose careers have been compromised"; "Travelers on rivers or at sea, who fear swells"; "Those who are terrorized by thunder, wind, or rain"; "Those in conflict with their ... masters"; "Sovereigns ... whose ... ministers are conspirators"; "Victims of ... brigand demons (guizei ...)"; "Those who ... become prey to parasites, snakes, and wild beasts"; "Women who endure difficult delivery"; |
||||
183 |
"Men and women ... who aspire to the Way"; "Prisoners who suffer unspeakably"; "Those whose ancestors ... are condemned to the cold hells"; "Those who are in bondage to an enemy family". |
pp. 189-195 nature of Xun-s^en Jiu-ku
p. |
nature |
189 |
Xun-s^en Jiu-ku Tian-zun "Heavenly Venerable who responds to the calls" = Xun-s^en Jiu-ku Yin-wu Sui-ji "Savior from Suffering according to calls, responding to events according to vicissitudes" (Dz 351.2a) |
194 |
"Jiuku tianzun sits on a five-colored lotus throne. ... Below, there is the lion of five colors whose nine heads, respectfully turned toward the throne, spit flames forming a mandorla of nine colors all around him ... . From this light, myriad rays are projected in the shape of spears and swords, which invert to create a canopy of seven jewels." (Dz 590.5/2a-b) |
195 |
"Jiuku tianzun, entirely dressed in blue-green, manifesting himself inside an extraordinary halo."(Dz 590.6/3a-b) |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Christine Mollier : Buddhism and Taoism Face to Face. U of HI Pr, Honolulu, 2008.