Graha-s (Planets) & Skandha-s (layers of wind)
planetary chariots -- VuP 1:52: (variant horse-colors, SkP 1:2:38:27-31) (LP 1:55:81-1:57:5)
planet |
Ravi sun |
Candra-mas moon |
Budha Mercury |
Us`anas / S`ukra Venus |
Bhauma Mars |
Br.has-pati / Jiva Jupiter |
S`ani / S`auri / Manda Saturn |
Rahu (asc. node) |
Ketu (desc. node) |
# of wheels |
:43 1 |
:50 3 |
|||||||
semblance of chariot |
:73 "cloud" |
:76 golden |
:77 golden |
:79 "black iron" |
:80 tamasic (dark) |
:80 [horses] "like smoke from burning straw" |
|||
color of horses |
:42 green |
white |
:72 tawny (reddish-brown, SkP) |
:74 "various" |
red |
red (yellowish-white, SkP) |
variegated (brindled, SkP; black, LP) |
black (gray, SkP) |
tawny "like donkeys" |
origin of horses |
:50 waters |
earth |
aether (akas`a) |
||||||
# of horses |
:44 7 [:45 Vaidik meters] |
:51 10 |
8 |
:75 10 |
8 |
:78 8 |
(10, LP 1:57:4) |
8 |
(8, LP 1:57:5) |
1st horse |
:45 Gayatri |
:53 Yayu "going" |
white |
||||||
2nd horse |
Br.hati |
Tri-manas "3-mind" |
[tawny] |
||||||
3rd horse |
Us.n.ij |
Vr.s.a "rain" |
brown |
||||||
4th horse |
Jagati |
Raji-vala "dusty-cave" |
blue |
||||||
5th horse |
Tri-s.t.ubh |
Haya "moving" |
yellow |
||||||
6th horse |
Anu-s.t.ubh |
Vama "vomiting" |
red |
||||||
7th horse |
Pan~c-ti |
Turan.ya "accelerating" |
black |
||||||
8th horse |
Hamsa "swan" |
green |
|||||||
9th horse |
Vyomin "skyey" |
spotted |
|||||||
10th horse |
Mr.ga "wild" |
variegated |
bodily organs of Gangetic porpoise as constellations -- VuP 1:52:
verse |
organ |
constellation-deity |
:92 |
upper jaw |
Uttana-pada |
:93 |
lower jaw |
Yajn~a |
top of head |
Dharma |
|
heart |
Nara-ayan.a |
|
forelegs |
As`vinau |
|
:94 |
hind legs |
Varun.a & Aryaman |
tail |
Agni, Maha-indra, Marici, Kas`yapa, Dhruva |
rays of the sun -- VuP 1:53:
verses |
color |
# |
generate __ |
names |
:20 |
variegated |
400 |
rain |
Vanadana-s, Vandya-s, R.tana-s, Nu-tana-s ("modern-s"), A-mr.ta-s |
:21-22 |
yellow |
300 |
chilliness |
Candra-s: Dr.s`ya-s ("conspicuous-es"), Medhya-s, Vahya-s ("to be performed-s"), Hradini-s |
:23 |
white |
300 |
heat |
S`ukla-s, Kakubh-s ("peaks"), Gau-s, Vis`va-bhr.t-s |
origins of the planets -- VuP 1:53:
verse |
__ (deity) who is |
origin of planet __ |
:30 |
Agni (fire) |
Surya (sun) |
(water) |
(moon) |
|
:31 |
Skanda |
Angaraka (Mars) |
Nara-ayan.a |
Budha (Mercury) |
|
:32 |
Rudra |
S`anais`cara (Saturn) |
:33 |
Praja-pati |
S`ukra (Venus) |
Praja-pati |
Br.has-pati (Jupiter) |
production out of solar rays -- VuP 1:53: [LP 1:60:21-24]
verse |
# |
sun's ray named __ |
is source of __ |
direction of propagation |
:46 |
1st |
Su-s.umna |
"the declining Moon" |
laterally and from above ["above, below and on the sides", LP 1:60:21] |
:47 |
2nd |
Hari-kes`a |
the stars |
forward ["in front", LP 1:60:22] |
3rd |
Vis`va-karman |
Budha |
towards the south |
|
:48 |
4th |
Vis`va-s`ravas [Vis`va-vyacas, LP] |
S`ukra |
|
5th |
Sampad-vasu [Sannaddha, LP] |
Lohita |
||
:49 |
6th |
Arva-vasu [Sarva-vasu, LP] |
Br.has-pati |
|
7th |
Sva-raj |
S`anais`cara |
abodes of the planets -- VuP 1:53:
verse |
planet |
abode (LP 1:61:9-11) |
natures of planetary abodes (LP 1:61:) |
:59 |
Surya |
:9 Saura |
:22a fiery |
Soma |
Saumya |
:22b snowy: white |
|
:60 |
S`ukra |
:10 S`aukra |
:23b watery white |
Br.has-pati |
Br.had |
:24b yellow |
|
Lohita [Bhauma, LP] |
Lauhita [Lohita, LP] |
:24a reddish |
|
S`anais`cara |
:11 S`anais`cara |
:25a black |
|
-- |
[Budha |
Baudha |
:23a watery dark |
-- |
Svarbhanu |
:25b gloomy] |
:61 "The planets are brightly illuminated due to their contact with the rays of the Sun."
{The distinction betwen watery dark & watery white is similar to that in Bon between "Black Water" & "White Water"}
diameters of the planets -- VuP 1:53:
verse |
planet |
diameter * , relative to the foregoing planet |
diameter * , relative to the sun |
viz., __ yojana-s |
:61 |
sun |
1 |
9,000 |
|
:62 |
moon |
2 |
2 |
18,000 |
:66 |
Bhargava (Venus) |
1/16 |
1/8 |
1,125 |
:67 |
Br.has-pati |
3/4 |
3/32 |
851 1/4 |
Ku-ja (Mars) |
3/4 |
9/128 |
638 7/16 |
|
Saura (Saturn) |
1 |
9/128 |
638 7/16 |
|
Budha |
3/4 |
27/512 |
478 15/16 |
|
:68 |
stars |
1 |
27/512 |
478 15/16 |
[LP 1:57:14-15 & 1:61: 32-34 Bhauma & Manda are aequal-sized, each 3/4 Jiva; Budha is 3/4 of that]
vimana-s (:79 ae:rial cars = flying saucers) of the lords-praeceptors of the planets -- VuP 1:53:
verse |
planetary deity |
father |
mother |
:79 |
Vivas-vant |
A-diti "unlimited" |
|
:80 |
Tvis.i-mant ("impetuous") |
Dharma Vasu |
|
S`ukra, king of the Asura-s |
Bhr.gu |
||
:81 |
Br.has-pati, praeceptor of the Deva-s |
Angiras |
|
Budha |
Tvis.i |
||
:82 |
Lohita (= Agni re-born) |
||
stars & constellations |
Daks.a |
||
:83 |
Svar-bhanu |
Simhika "little lioness" |
LP 1:59: the 1000 solar rays
verse |
:24-25 |
:26-27a |
:27b-28a |
emitting |
rain |
snow |
heat |
# |
400 |
300 |
300? |
collective name |
A-mr.ta |
Candra-bha |
S`ukla |
color |
variegated |
yellow |
[white] |
1st group |
Bhajana-s |
Res`a-s |
S`ukla-s |
2nd group |
Malya-s |
Megha-s |
Kakubha-s |
3rd group |
Ketana-s |
Vatsya-s |
Vis`va-bhr.t-s |
4th group |
Patana-s |
Hladini-s |
LP 1:59:35b-38 rays of the 12 suns in the 12 months
sun |
1000s of rays |
Varun.a |
5 |
Pus.an |
6 |
Ams`u |
7 |
Dhatr. |
8 |
Indra |
9 |
Vivasvant |
10 |
Bhaga |
11 |
Mitra |
7 |
Tvas.t.r. |
8 |
Aryaman |
10 |
Parjanya |
9 |
Vis.n.u |
6 |
LP 1:59:39-40 colors of sun in the 6 seasons
season (named in 1:55:24) |
color of sun |
vasantika spring |
tawny |
grais.ma summer |
golden |
vars.ika rainy-season |
white |
s`arad autumn |
gray |
hima early-winter |
copper-colored |
s`is`ira late-winter |
red |
colors of sets of rays proceeding forth out of planets
VuP 1:53: |
LP 1:61: |
||||
verses |
__-rayed |
planet |
color |
__-rayed |
|
:84 |
1,000 |
sun |
sparkling fiery |
||
:85 |
1,000 |
moon |
sparkling white |
||
:86 |
16 |
Venus |
red |
:23b |
16 |
? |
Bhauma |
:24a |
9 |
||
:87 |
12 |
Br.has-pati |
green |
:24b |
16 |
? |
Saturn |
dark |
:25a |
8 |
|
:88 |
? |
Svar-bhanu |
dark |
||
:88-89 |
1 |
stars |
bright white |
:89 stars are "solid water" [= tritium]
natal naks.atra-s of planets [born (:104) in Caks.usa Manu-antara] -- VuP 1:53:
verses |
__-rayed |
planet |
planet-god |
son of __ |
naks.atra as birth-place |
:104 |
sun |
Vivas-vant |
+A-diti |
Vi-s`akha |
|
:105 |
moon |
Vis`va-vasu |
Dharma |
Kr.ttika |
|
:106 |
16 |
Venus |
S`ukra |
Bhr.gu |
Tis.ya |
:107 |
12 |
Jupiter |
Br.has-pati |
Angiras |
Phal-guni (Purva-Phalguni, BAP) |
:108 |
9 |
Mars |
Praja-pati |
Purva-as.ad.ha |
|
:109 |
7 |
Saturn |
[S`anais`cara] |
Surya |
Revati |
planetary associations (MW, p. 89 = Figure 6c)
graha "planet" |
loha "metal" |
ratna "gem" |
samittu "fuel" |
dhanya "grain" |
"deity" |
surya "sun" |
copper |
ruby |
ekka Calotropis gigantea |
wheat Triticum sativum |
+Brahmani |
candra "moon" |
"white metal" |
pearl |
muttiga Butea monosperma |
rice Oryza sativa |
+Maha-is`vari |
mangala "Mars" |
bronze |
coral |
kaggali Acacia catechu |
dal Cajanus indicus |
+Kumari |
budha "Mercury" |
brass |
"green gem" |
uttarani Achyranthes aspera |
green gram Phaseolus mungo |
+Vais.n.avi |
guru "Jupiter" |
gold |
topaz |
arali Ficus religiosa |
Bengal gram Cicer arietinum |
+Varahi |
s`ukra "Venus" |
silver |
diamond |
atti Ficus glomerata |
cow gram Dolichus lablab |
+Indrani |
s`ani "Saturn" |
iron |
sapphire |
banni Acacia ferruginea |
sesame Sesamum indicum |
+Camundi |
rahu |
lead |
gomedha |
garike Sesale Myrtina |
horse gram Dolichus biflorus |
+Vira-bhadra |
ketu |
zinc |
vaid.urya ["beryl"] |
Darbhe bipinnata |
Black gram Phaseolus mungo |
+Gana-pati |
SkP 1:2:38: the 7 Skandha-s fastened to, and impelling, the Graha-s etc.
verse |
ord. # |
skandha "__-vaha" |
graha impelled |
ord. #s of these 7 "wheels of the wind" in Bhuvar-loka (according to LP 1:53:36-37) |
:53 |
1st |
Pra- |
the clouds |
2nd Pra- |
:55 |
2nd |
A- |
the Sun |
1st A- |
:56 |
3rd |
Ud- |
the Moon |
3rd Anu- |
:57 |
4th |
Sam- |
the stars |
4th Sam- |
:58 |
5th |
Vi- |
the Graha-s |
5th Vi- |
:59 |
6th |
Pari- |
the 7 R.s.i-s |
7th Pari- |
:60 |
7th |
Para- |
the Dhrauvya Cakra (wheel of Dhruva) |
6th Para- |
(the wind-circle Pra-vaha motivateth the graha-s, etc.: LP 1:57:7)
references:-
VuP = ANCIENT INDIAN TRADITION AND MYTHOLOGY SERIES, Vol. 37 -- The Vayu Puran.a, Part I: "Purva-ardha", translated by G. V. Tagare -- Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi, 1987.
BAP = ANCIENT INDIAN TRADITION AND MYTHOLOGY SERIES. The Brahman.d.a Puran.a
LP = ANCIENT INDIAN TRADITION AND MYTHOLOGY SERIES, Vol. 5 -- The Linga Puran.a, Part I. Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi, 1973.
SkP = ANCIENT INDIAN TRADITION AND MYTHOLOGY SERIES, Vol. 50 -- The Skanda-Puran.a, Part II: "Kaumarika-khan.d.a", translated by G. V. Tagare -- Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi, 1993.
MW = Jan Brouwer: The Makers of the World. Oxford U. Pr, 1995.