"Malay shamanistic performance"

divinations to discover aetiology of illnesses

p. 32

popped rice

grains in 4 pairs for the 4 elements

pp. 32-3

flame of beeswax-candle

unholy heat of jungle-bees' sting

p. 140, fn. 69 sekun, raksi, janji, temuan (harmony, good-luck, promises, meetings)

p. 93 origin of genies from emergence of the first man & the first woman

"__ (color) Genie"

arose from__

Yellow

fluid [amniotic] of parturition

Black

placenta

p. 104 Lagu ("Tune")

Lagu

Tune

its utility

Kijang Mas Tuah

Lucky Golden Barking-Deer

seance

Pandan Wangi

Aromatic Pandanus

shaman's wind

Pak Yong Muda

(hero of the Mak Yong)

praises

Sedayung

Oar or Boat-Pole

to call penggawa (spirit-familiar)

Wak Tanda Raja

Old-Man with Tokens of Royalty

divination

Mengambul

Swinging back and forth; Submerging and Emerging

to put patient into trance

Kecubung

Datura

wind of were-tiger

Mengulit

Lullaby

ending

p. 143 the gates

of __

Faith

Love

Sensation

Winds

pp. 118-20 main peteri -- spirits speaking, successively, through the shaman

p.

spirit

meaning of name

function

118

Radin Kecil Dahulu Permainan Bunga

Little-Prince Flower-Play of Times-Past

Inner Wind of performers

Pak Dogol & Sang Yang (Si Alam) Tunggal

(son of Persanta)

(in shadow-play)

Persanta

ancestor

Wak Kedi Bomoh

Old Shaman

(from Siam)

119

Hulubalang Babi Garang

Captain Fierce Pig

earth-spirit

Tuan Kecil Radin Bertimbang Gambar

Dear Little-Prince of "Pictures"

discovery of his own father's identity

Wak Long

clown-god

"body dirt" (dead skin)

120

Angin Cik Salim Pendekar

Wind of silat-master

member of family of Sang Kala

ghostly

Hantu Raya

(son of Daeng Dalit)

praetended pilgrim

Anak Kera Gantih

Hanuman the White-Monkey

child

+Zohor

(sister of princess +Flower)

princess

Awang Malas Mati

"Sonny" (p. 129, fn. 36) Reluctant to Die

suggestor

pp. 124-179 complete text of the same main peteri

p.

spirit

meaning of name

function

124

Swooping Eagle

dalang (puppeteer)

Sang Bogar

towering emmet-hill

grandsire who granteth audiences

Sang Gana

king of village

Light

dewa (god)

Budak Kecil Belalang Kacung [= Hantu Raya (fn. 19)]

Little Preying-Mantis

Pak Leh

Black Rhinoceros

mighty

125

+Golden-Guava

princess

Languishing Snail

Shady Tree

Fledgling Bird

+Sweet-Orange

+Herb-of-the-Fields

He Who Chastiseth as He Passeth

Distant Light

dewa

Heavy Ambush

Be-and-It-Was

Then-Cut-It-Down

Dangerous War Due to Evil Influences

commander

Dancing Sunbeam

jin who levieth taxes & demandeth tribute

Omen

jin who collecteth fees & offerings: speak to Endeng mabang (vampire)

Persistent Whirlwind

granteth audience

Redoubleth Himself

grandsire

Treacherous One Who Casteth His Net

Red-Eyed One with Curling Hair & Balding Tail

126

Yellow Turban

grandsire {Chinese ?}

Green Shirt

Red Hat

{rN~in-ma ?}

Keling-keling Bani

commander

Anak Kera Gantih

Anak Kera Beleh

Patih Dalang

wak (uncle)

Peran Muda

wak (uncle)

Peran Tua

127

Kohor

decrease

grandsire

Writeth All Day

commander

128

Sang Gana

village's edge

Borak

[Lightning]

king-of-birds = winged steed

Hukum

legal decision

kings of the 7 fields & 8 palaces

129

Semar

with black stone, red stone

Nik Si Khabar

king of the mountain

hidu -- bisik -- risik

130

father

invisible in <eden

mother

disappeared into Jeddah

child

waiting in wastelands, at the bolted door of the earth

White Bird, raised by the child

(semangat, the vital spirit -- fn. 40)

inverted (upside-down -- fn. 41) wise man

(sokma, the soul of metempsychosis -- fn. 41)

131

Radin Kecil Dahulu Permainan Bunga

Little-Prince Flower-Play of Times-Past

Player's Wind = protective inner force of ritual performers

132

magpie

clever reciter

thrush

clever converser

hummingbird

clever narrator

133

Jawa Jati

(tree of Dewa Muda -- fn. 48)

135

Arak Temarak

Praedecessor

father: [harps] by the waters of Babylon

+Siti Nur Ziarah

Lady Light of Visitation

mother: clear water (p. 136)

137

Gerga Jiwa

Herdsman of the Soul

= Kakak Persanta (fn. 58)

138

captain Poison

a sea-spirit

captain Seafish

a sea-spirit

139

Wak Kedi Bomoh

Old Shaman from the Siamese Monastery

= Maharisi Mata Api ("the sage Eye-Fire") : "original mouth" & "original phallos"

143

Andera Raja

= Andera Dewa

Raja Andera

(his brother)

= Dewa Andera

144

Dewa Muda

in Java

+Si Lindung Bulan (fn. 82)

princess Hidden Moon {cf. aeternal Vr.ndavana, place of the hidden moon}

(his mother) queen of Java

rusa (or, pelanduk)

golden deer (or, golden mousedeer)

is eaten by D.M. at his mother's behest

145

7 hala-s

7 weretigres

(fn. 85) masters of silat (= tai-c^i)

nenek Dahar Berasa Ribu

grandsire Who Dineth upon 1000 Flavors

(p. 146 "from the gates of the earth.")

146

Semar {cf. Himeros}

servant of Inu prince of Koripan (fn. 88) {Invus}

147

Black Beetle

149

Borak Raja Burung Sewah Rajawali

Winged Steed, the Eagle, King of Birds

joined by its shadow:

entering through the 12 doors of the 1 room, to make sure that no nightmares occur

150

Hulubang Babi Garang

captain Fierce Pig

at building with 3 spaces = (fn. 92) human body with 3 spaces, inside head, inside chest, and inside belly

151

Scissors in the Barrel of the Gun

= teeth (fn. 95) in (fn. 94) mouth

152

Tuan Kecil Radin Bertimang Gambar

Dear Little Prince of "Pictures" [from Land of Grassy Beaches, along Strand of Blooming Palms (p. 153)]

waiteth nigh: mango-tree, layang-tree, ratna-liana encircling ru (casuarina)-tree [leapt into junk, golden barge (p. 153)]

 153

 

Hovering White Light of Desire 

 climbeth the tree at Kuala Kubu

 154

 Awang

 

 his father is Ali Akbar; his mother is Siti Mak Lamah

 155

cik ("mr.") Long 

 

 = Wak Long [a puppet (p. 156, fn. 105)]

 158

Budak Kecil Seri Permainen 

Noble Young Performer 

 Wind for performing in shadow-play

 159

 cik Salim Pendekar

mr. Salim the Champion 

originator of silat 

 160

Sang Kala 

Who Endureth, the Large 

 162

Wak Haji Putih Kopiah Lembek 

Venerable Pilgrim with the Soft Cap 

(worn by men who have gone on the haj) 

   

Uncle White Turban 

for  whom da'eng ("noble") Dalit made a clearing in the forest nigh the pool

 163

Raja Adil 

the Just King 

waiting for 4 full moons 

 166

Anak Kera Gantih  [Anak Kera Beleh (p. 167)]

Hanumant  the White Monkey (as a child)

 [enter a country called "Weeding the Flower-Garden" (p. 168)]

 168

+Zohor {[<ibri^] book Zohar}

 afternoon prayer

 princess [whose sister princess Flowerbud was taken away from the top of the mainmast by the one called "Make the Baby Cry" (p. 169)]

170

 

the Heavenly Midwives

they descend upon the white elephant with 9 tusks

172

Awang Malas Mati

Sonny Loathe to Die

carrying sword & torch lit with 5 flames

173

Dewa Berma Jaya

 

brother of the Green Horse

 

Harimau Besar Serjan Kilat [Sejalur Wangi (fn. 143)]

the Great Tigre

[alias dictus "Sergeant Lightning, Fragrant Striped One" (p. 175))

175

Dododododo

tigre's roar (fn. 146)

whose mother is Black +Meriam

 

+Zali

 

princess: adopted daughter of Dewa Penc^il

179

Tersenang Sini

I Am at Ease Here

"to have come out of a trance" (p. 178, fn. 154)

   

The Intruder

 
   

Confusion & Stupidity

 
   

Hidden Message of Annihilation

 
 

Awang Mindung Pengasuh

 

peran (servant)

   

Fruit of White (or Foamy) Waters

waves, by strings of the Winds

pp. 183-184 seance for ailing shaman -- spirits speaking, successively, through other (curing) shaman

p.

spirit

meaning of name

function

183

Radin Kecil Mulia Maharaja

His Small Majesty

one of the body's protective forces

 

Seri Mas Raja Bomoh

Golden King of Shamans

praesided over popped-rice divination

 

peng-hulu

headman

of the earth's realm

184

   

3 ghostly brethren

[pp. 186-213 is complete text of the same seance for ailing shaman]

introductory song, by the minduk ("shaman's assistant")

p.

spirit

meaning of name

function

186

 

shaman

upon the royal dais ("human head", fn. 3)

   

drummers

in palace of bone (of body)

   

fiddlers

in palace of flesh (of body)

   

original Player

of the earliest gebiah ("Play, seance")

187

 

"Last of all teachers and first of all teachers": his [4] names are (pp. 187 & 188):-

within the glassy pool (= eyen) of earthly beads (= pupils of eyen)

187 & 188

 

Prince of the Koran

 
   

Sincerity

 
   

Kumar Hakim

whom Allah sealed into a cave (fn. 14)

   

Radiant King

 

188

Beramah

the Invisible

grandsire: who practiced austerities before the sky had been sundered [from the earth, fn. 15] {this sundering is Chinese!}

 

Nur Allah

Light of God

father, in whose kandungan ("womb", viz. brain -- fn. 18) B. stayed the 1st 40 days of life (before gestation)

 

Nur Ahut (?Ahadiat -- fn. 17)

Light of ... (?Beginning)

mother, into whose womb B. was transferred after the 40 days

189

 

his highness Light of the Bottom

from the bottom of the earth

   

his highness Light of Speech

from the middle of the earth

   

his highness Thundrous Light

 
   

black Turas

companion of Semar [= Smara], a servant of prince Panji (fn. 20)

190

Nenek Sang Gana

 

headman of the village

   

The Yellow Lord Who Asketh to Fly, Young Beramah Yellow Essence of Flying, his aethereal majesty Beramah the Soarer, The Essence of Flying, the Young Glider

Beramah = Brahma

 

Nenek Raja Hakim

 

prince of the jungle

 

raja Bali

 

sultan of the plains

191

 

the Black One

descended bodily

   

the Yellow One

overseeth destiny

gerak angin ("bestirring the wind"), by the minduk

p.

the named

its name, or meaning

     

192

the 4 pent-up winds, which emerge from hujung kadim ("tip aeternal") [correlation uncertain: "lava" should go with "mustard"; "wicked desires" (of bandits) with the "open, sesame" (of the bandits' stash)]

 

sesame-seed

Angin Lahar ("lava") Ahmad

 

mustard-seed

Angin Umara of nafsu jahat ("wicked desires" -- fn. 29)

 

golden bouquet of flowers

Angin Nur Jila

 

silver bouquet of flowers

Angin Nur Zila

     

193

members of divine family

 

father

Ali Akbar

 

mother

Siti Halma

 

their child

Wise-One-is-Born

     

194

the 7 gates: vanished gates to the lane, to the valley

 

gate of lust

 
 

gate of passion

 
 

gate of desire

 
 

gate that shutteth off elemental desire

 
 

gate of law

 
 

gate of faith

 
 

gate of wisdom

 
     

196

to awaken the inang ("nurse"). along with the 2 pengawa

 

White Crow

roh ("human soul"), Tarbuni the "steed of the gods"

 

Bukit Berapik

"hill of intimacy"

 

Gunung Berapi

"flaming mountain" = volcano (fn. 44)

the shaman's incantation

p.

spirit

meaning of name

function

196

Hanumant Ikan

jawed fish

 

197

Dewa Derma Kecil Jaya

 

ruler in Kayangan

 

Dewa Andera

   
 

Andera Dewa

   
 

Inu & Turas

   
 

Dewa Penc^il

   
 

Dewa Semar

   
 

Dewa Muda

   
     

queen of Java

 

Hang Jebat

   

198

Hang Tuah

   
 

Wak Tanda Raja

Old Man with Regal Tokens

= Maharisi Mata Api (Sage with Fiery Eye) = Wak Kedi Bomoh (Old Siamese Healer)

 

Awang Jiding

 

pulse

 

Awang Mahat

elephant-driver

elephant = emotions (fn. 56), at nape of neck

   

Mother White Swallow

semangat (the human spirit)

 

Semar Lengan

   
 

Radin Kecil Mulia Maharaja

His Small Majesty

 
 

Nerajit

 

son of Maharaja Wana

199

Radin Kecil Mulia Maharaja

 

["before Creation was complete, I guarded the four outer walls, caverns, the two bends in the river ,,," (p. 200)]

203

 

Flower's Child

popped divination-rice (fn. 69)

   

Yellow Child

divination-candle's flame (fn. 69)

     

searcher for jasmine

   

flowerbud [of jasmine?]

planted by lady Fatimah

   

root [of jasmine?]

King Who Sitteth Below

   

leaf [of jasmine?]

Sword of Ali

   

plant-shoot [of jasmine?]

Arrow Gandewat

206

Si Lindung Bunga

Hidden Flower

of the Wind: unfoldeth the gods

210

 

macaque

"trained to harvest coconuts" (fn. 85)

 

Anak Jin Serupa Muka

Genie with the Look-alike Face

[made a pact with black Semar Who Rolleth-Up the Earth (p. 212)]

213

Mambang Indera Waki

 

1st of 3 brethren

 

Mambang Indera Wayang

 

2nd of these 3 brethren

 

Mambang Indera Waya

 

3rd of these 3 brethren

p. 198, fn. 56 Awang Kasim = "eyes of the shaman as he goes into trance" -- "the shaman shakes his head in trance", from Awang Mahat

p. 198, fn. 58 ""One king with two names" means that the shaman has taken a second persona; he is "carrying" a spirit."

pp. 217-218 ingredients for breaking contracts with the spirit-world

1st

pulut kuning

rice with turmeric

2nd

'teri mandi

little cakes

3rd

 

6 hard-boiled eggs, 1 of them having 7 pins stuck in it

4th

dadar kuah

pancakes with custard-sauce

5th

 

fried millet & fired beans

6th

bertih

popped rice

7th

 

water for spirits to drink, in clam-shells

8th

 

limes

9th

 

pebbles

10th

 

coins

11th

 

"releasers" -- strands of palm-frond tied into slipknots

12th

 

coconut-bowl

13th

 

nail hammered into wood-plank

14th

 

dough fashioned into figurines of :

humans

horses

water-buffaloes

cows

chickens

ducks

crabs

skates

kitchen-utensils

15th

 

epistle addressed to hantu telling them that a farm would be provided for them whenever:

the fried millet & fried beans sprout

the pebbles grow roots

the nail released itself from the plant

the pins fall out of the egg

the clam shells have babies

p. 222 said farm was to be offered to Sang Raya Uban

spirits coming to visit at the breaking contracts with the spirit-world

p.

spirit

meaning of name

function

219

Awang Mindung Pengasuh

 

servant to Dewa Muda

 

Wak Kedi Bomoh

the Sage from Siam

 

220

Pak Deh (= Pak Dogol)

   
 

Hitam Seri Penakluk

Illustrious black Conqueror

ruling the crossroads

 

Mek Bunga

+Flower

female: flirtaciously "sifting and winnowing"

221

Mek Ketuk-ketak

+Click-clack

female spirit lusting after men

 

Hanuman Ikan

jawed fish

rounding-up spirits

 

Tok Jerambang

Old Will-o'-the-wisp

fisher-catching spirit

 

Wal Long

 

joked

 

Budak Kecil

Sonny Boy

fierce jungle-spirit

 

Wak Tok Juara Mikat

Old Expert Birdcatcher

 
 

Sultan Ahmad

 

protected human from enemies

 

Tok Nyadap

Old Toddy-Tapper

"making bawdy jokes"

222

Sang Raya Uban

Mighty Grey Spirit

 
 

Anak Raja Mahatawar

Prince Potent Cure

a "releaser"

 

Anak Raja Segunung Tawar

Prince Mountain of Remedies

blessing tepung tawar ("neutralizing rice-paste")

some of these spirits wept, sobbed as they were being abandoned by their human patron

classes of spirits encountered in breaking contracts with the spirit-world

p.

spirit

   

227

Semar (Smara)

 

Black __ who rolleth-up the earth

 

__ Point

 

Swaying __

 

__ Who Sweepeth Heaven & Earth

 

__ Who Catcheth the Earth

 

__ Who Up-endeth the Earth

 

__ Who Giveth Life to the Earth

 

__ Who Shutteth-up the Earth

   

228

Ogre

 

Playful __

 

__ called Lampagar

 

Sturdy __

 

__ called Green Fly

 

Earth __

 

Water __

 

Fire __

 

Phlegm __

   
 

Pelesit (women's familiar spirits, fn. 13)

 

Putarrangas (dangerous spirits)

 

Polong (men's familiar spirits, fn. 13)

   

230

Mighty __ Spirit

 

Red

 

Blue

 

Green

 

Purple

 

Yellow

 

White

   

231

Jin __

 

Jisim ('body')

 

Jiring (a tree-species)

 

Jiha (a tree-species)

p. 308 village-headmen spirits: one and many names

headman spirit

meaning

Hitam Seri Penaklak

Black Conqueror

Seri Pejajat

Wanderer

Hitam Batang Pengulit

Black Crooner of Lullabyes

Kuning Batang Pengedan

Yellow Mad-for-Love

miscellaneous spirits

p.

spirit

meaning

311

Radin Kecil Aulia Gunung Padang Terselor

Little Prince Holy Mountain Interspersed by Fields

 

+Hei Mek Batik Baju Hijau

Miss Green Dress (whose parents tend the jungle)

312

Sewah Raja Burung Teriak 'Stana Malam

Swooping King of Birds Who Screameth in the Palace by Night

 

Anak Jin Putaran

army of the Rotating Genie

 

Anak Borak Api Nenek Sebut Tari Sinar Tari

Fiery Steed Grandsire Sun's Rays

 

Hala Rimau Besar Serjan Kilat

Wind of the Wer-tigre

313

Guru Maha-tawar

Teacher Great Antidote

 

Koibeh

(who found & drank the Water of Life0

p. 314 to exorcize the jin who pierce the "soles of humanity's feet"

jin

meaning

Mamat Jin Hitam Halalintar

Genie Black Thunderbolt

Jin Kuning Panah Lat Juna Kilat Barat Sulung Tahun

Genie yellow Bone of Arjuna Western Lightning of the New Year

Anak Jin Hitam Batu Laleng

Genie Black Immovable Stone

Batu Larut

Dissolving Stone

Sang Babi Kepala Tujuh

7-Headed Pig

Hantu Raya

Mighty Spirit

Si Tunjang Raya

Mighty Kicker

Si Balik Raya

Mighty Returner

Awang Si Rambut Ekar Mata Merah Dada Bidang

Sonny of Dishevelled Hair, Red Eyen, & Wide Chest

p. 319 characters of the winds, out of the "199 Winds"

Angin __ ("__ Wind"}

is title of __

Putih (white)

white blood of raja-s

Merah (red)

Baginda Ali

Hitam (black)

Raja Bali

Kuning (yellow)

wind of deva

p. 320 hantu, source of nafsu ("desires")

Hantu

meaning

Awang Jambu Lebat

Sonny of the Abundant Guava-s

Hantu Raya

Mighty Spirit

Awang Jangak

Handsome Sonny

+Mek Comel

Miss Cutie

+Mek Teri Masuk

Miss Enter the "Play"

+Mek Jin Kuning

Miss Yellow Genie

+Mek 'Stana Malam

Miss Night Palace

+Mak Baju Batik Cula Hijau

Mother Green Jacket

+Mek Telaga Rendam

Miss Soaked in the Well

+Mek Kopek Lanjut

Miss Longteats

+Belalang Kacung Si Dada Bidang

Wide-chested Mantis

+Mak Beruk Besar

Mother Large Macaque

+Mak Pangan Langah

Mother Gaping Jungle

+Mak Pangan Putih

Mother White Jungle

numerics

p.

#

signification

127

7 holy elders

5 fiddlers

1000 names

1000 changes of form

40 spirits

7 imps

[7 earths -- p. 128]

132

7 shutters (of the 7 windows -- fn. 47)

the 7 body-parts (fn. 47)

9 back-doors

the 9 orifices of the body (fn. 47)

4 walls

the 4 elements (fn. 47)

5 palaces

the 5 senses (fn. 47)

134

20 attributes

of God / of humanity (God & humanity are identified (fn. 53))

146 & 148

44 spirit-soldiers

152

12 white stones

 160

 4 Sultans

will release us 

168

2nd petal

Antidote Stone

3 petals

Marble

4 petals

Starburst of Sapphires

5 petals

Yellow Stone {cf. park in WY}

 171

7 curves in the road into the palace 

 174

7 Tigre Spirits with 40 stripes 

 [servants of the Great Tigre (p. 175)]

 

7 macaques

 

190

7 bujang & janda

the never-married & the praeviously-married (but currently single) -- fn. 24

192

90 holy prayers

to open pent-up wind

193

5 rays of light

the 5 senses

 

6 magical words

the directions, including up & down

 

7 thunder-claps

 

195

4 Kings

 
 

4 Commanders

 
 

4 Guardians

 
 

4 Heroes

 

197

12 famous Winds

 
 

4 Heroes

 
 

4 Guardians

 

199

7 verandahs

body-parts

 

5 castles

senses

 

1 palace

the human body

212

7 Ogres of the earth

made pact with Anak Jin Serupa Muka

220

7 Mighty Spirits

"Sang Raya Tujuh"

 

7 familiar-spirits

"Polong Tujuh"

231

2 Sparrows

spirits

 

40 Crows

spirits

 

1 Lone Monkey

 
 

1 Lone Ape

 
 

1 Lone Gibbon

 

COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF HEALTH SYSTEMS AND MEDICAL CARE. Carol Laderman; Taming the Wind of Desire. U. of CA Pr, Berkeley, 1991.