Mythic Images & Shamanism, V

p. 204 the tieta:ja:’s luonto (‘spirit-helper’)

SKVR 1:4:17

South American

ariseth out of "the first thunderstorm in the spring,"

{this would be the lightning-storm of "type 2 false awakening" (LD, p. 121), in S^uar shamanism}

from "the roots of the tree felled by the storm".

{shamanic tree, as the crocodile-tree of the Mapuc^e}

LD = Celia Green : Lucid Dreams. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1968. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_awakening#Type_2

Ukko

Finnish

Indo-European

p. 205 (SKVR 1:4:52) "Ukko, ... I pour myself into the closed copper tube". {In UFOs, "the green color came from a high copper content." (SA, p. 62)}

{cf. water-guise of Proteus, before becoming (green-leafed) tree. [baobab tree ?]}

p. 207 "In Northern and Eastern Finland, the Ukko’s bolt, a rock beleived to be his weapon, was called the "claw" or "talon" of Ukko ... thunder as a giant bird".

{In the Veda, Soma is left on earth as talon of the thunderbird Garutman.}

SA = Jenny Randles : Something in the Air. Robert Hale Ltd., 1996.

p. 213 power to dominate fire, in the Birth of Fire

SKVR

Finnish

Indo-European

12:1:4535

"Panu, ...

The grandson of the sun,

Born by Auringotar,

Make the fire impotent".

{BHANU, a sun-god}

12:1:4534

"Cinder girl, maid of Pohjola,

Thrust her hand into the fire ..."

{[Italian] Cindarella}

p. 215 deities summoned for assistance by the tieta:ja:

SKVR

Finnish

comparative

1:4:33

"Ahti, ...

With a linden whip,

With a juniper rod".

{Trita APTya}

1:4:38

Vellamo

{[Norse] ViLi}

1;4:1851, 1852, 1861; 7:4:1552

"honeyed men summoned from the earth (mannunmiehet)"

{[Yucatec] cab ‘honey; earth’ (ChBCh13, fn.)}

1:4:495, 599a-b, 1863, 1868, 1869; 12:1:3579

"the "honeyed men" of Mehtola or of Metsa:la:"

in the golden age of Kronos, "honey dripped from boughs" (M 1:88)

6:1:2994

Ututytto: (Maiden of the Mist)

{also in New Zealand (UMM) and in Kauai (HLV9, pp. 57-59)}

ChBCh13 = http://www.sacred-texts.com/nam/maya/cbc/cbc18.htm

M = Metamorphoses, by Ovidius http://www.theoi.com/Titan/TitanKronos.html

UMM = http://www.fables.org/winter03/mist_maiden.html

HLV9 = http://sacred-texts.com/pac/hlov/hlov14.htm

p. 222 places of banishment for illness

SKVR

banishment

7:4:1662

"To the giant swine’s nostrils, ...

To the jaws of a giant wolf,

... into the jaws of the pike ..."

7:4:1667

"To the red salmon’s tail,

Onto the great pike’s shoulders,

Onto the water-dog’s arched back."

7:4:1671

"To the mighty rapids of Rutja,

To the shoulders of the great pike,

To the red salmon’s tail".

{cf. Irish divine salmon}

p. 225 banishment of illness-daimon by Evenk shaman

"He sends two spirit helpers in bird form

to drive the illness-demon out of the patient ...;

they are assisted in this by two weapon-shaped spirits ...

The shaman orders a spirit in the shape of an owl ...

to transport the demon to

the opening leading to the lower world ...

Finally, the shaman sends a two-headed pike

{cf. 2 shoulders of Finnish pike}

to wreak vengeance ...

To ensure ... in the future,

the shaman places his spirit helpers in animal form

around the lands ... as a security fence ...

and erects offerings to the supreme divinities ..."

pp. 226-227 how spirit-helpers in animal-form attack an illness

p.

SKVR

narrative

226

7:4:1628

"My secret devourer bewitch ...

I sing a cap to his head,

And underneath the cap will be

A sheaf of worms from Vybourg,

A heap of horsehair snakes".

{cf. O`dinn’s epithet "horsehair".}

 

1:4:495

"Come, golden burbot-fish, ...

To bring good health".

227

1:4:537

"I will summon a ram with twisted horns

To the black river of Tuoni,

To the lower book of Manala, ...

I’ll cause its horns to strike. ...

I will summon an ox with outspread horns ..."

 

1:4:533

"It is the eagle, my own eagle,

Which has eyes on its wing-ends, ...

To eat the village’s curses."

 

6:2:4089a

"I take the claws of a toad

{clawed toads exist only in Africa}, ...

The talons from a hawk ...

   

The eagle came from Turja, ...

It had a flaming beak,

And eyes beneath its wings, ...

One wing sliced the water

{cf shearwater-bird},

The other divided the heavens,

A hundred men were on its wing,

A thousand on its tail tip,

Dozens on every feather."

 

7:3:44

"I’ll saddle a hundred snakes,

yoke a dozen vipers

to run ahead before me , ...

I’ll build a bear of iron".

ship is bewitched by bird-woman

p. 236 Finnish

Hellenic

"The old crone of the North, gap-toothed

Rose on skylark’s pinions

On a bunting’s wings flew high,

Made a tail from a bathing whisk

[Valkyrja, "a female witch astride a broomstick" – p. 237],

Made a dress from a man’s long shirt

{[Channel Island] Sark ‘shirt’}.

Glided to the prow of a wooden boat.

The craft’s bow began to sink".

{Harpuai "at the Strophades islands" (GM 150.j) : "The Strophades (‘turning’) islands were so called because ships could expect the wind to turn as they approached." (GM 150.3)}

GM = Robert Graves : The Greek Myths. 1955.

the Vermland Finnish bird-goddess Loho / Luukka

p. 238 Finnish

comparative

"Loho or Luukka, flying in the shape of a raven ..."

{Daughter of Koronis the Lapith, Koronis "was changed into a crow" (CDCM).}

"In order to scare away Loho ..., the feather of a grouse was kept on the "luck-board"." [grouse = Ukko ?] "Loho ... brought wolves in her wake."

{[In the mythology of the Yana (YT, pp. 211-212) and of the Atsugewi (A&AT, pp. 171-172), both of California], the grouses troubled the Coyote-god.}

CDCM = Pierre Grimal (tr. by Maxwell-Hyslop) : A Concise Dictionary of Classical mythology. 1990.

YT = Edward Sapir : Yana Texts. 1910. http://www.sacred-texts.com/nam/ca/yat/yat25.htm

A&AT = Roland B. Dixon : Achomawi and Atsugwei Tales. 1908. http://www.sacred-texts.com/nam/ca/aat/aat12.htm

p. 239 Sami deity Rota / Rutu

"The being astride a horse is Rota ...

Rota or Rutu was an illness-causing spirit and

the ruler of Rota-aimo (Rut-aimo) ... Rota’s realm, Rota-aimo,

was a land of the dead similar to Hell

{cf. Hellish realm of RUDra},

to which evil persons were sent

from Jabme-aimo, a sort of liminal realm of the dead.

Those who had lived a good life, on the other hand,

entered Radien-aimo, ... the home of the ruler

who lived in the heavens."

p. 241 "Rota’s horse is reminiscent of the Hiisi-horse of the Finnish tieta:ja:."

SKVR = Suomen Kansan Vanhat Runot I-XIV (‘The antient poe:ms of the Finnish people’). Helsinki, 1908-1948.

FOLKLORE FELLOWS COMMUNICATIONS, Vol CXXX, No. 280 = Anna-Leena Siikala : Mythic Images and Shamanism. Helsinki : Academia Scientarum Fennica, 2002. pp. 195-241.