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"As soon as Oroch natives die, their souls go to the afterworld (buni) without being accompanied by a shaman. Soon souls reach a small side route that leads to the afterworld of dogs. If these are the souls of thoughtless individuals, they take this route and end up in the dogs’ habitat, where souls of dogs tickle and play with human souls. ...

they turn into iron arrows {? arrowworms -- http://academic.evergreen.edu/t/thuesene/chaetognaths/chaetognaths.htm}, and then

another that leads to the "bear" old woman {S^into Bear goddess}. When

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If in a past life a soul belonged to a man, after it drops back to the earth, it turns into a woman, and vice-versa." {this sex-reversal from one life to the next is tropical-forest South American Indian doctrine}

In the walrus sea, a soul finally acquires a human shape, and Khadau gives it a self-moving boat. {viz., with sails, an invention (according to Pausanias) by Daidalos -- http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A470981} When a

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soul reaches the shore, it usually chooses a proper person and settles inside the body of the individual, who is designated to become a professional shaman."

Before they enter the Moon Land, the souls turn into grasshoppers. {Immediately before entering the Promised Land, the folk of Yho^s^u<a were viewed "as grasshoppers" by the sons of <anaq (B-Midbar 13:33)}

Shamans who want ... to fly to the Sun Land cannot go there directly. First they have to fly to the Moon Land, and from there they can enter the Sun Land."

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Spirit master of various regions of the Altai also like to gather on this mountain. On its flat top {cf. flat-topped sacred mountain in Kommagene ?}, they meet each other and play dice, chess, pebbles, and cards. Spirit master usually gamble the embryo souls of the

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[live]stock, children, or hunting animals. When the population of animals in some area of the Altai decreases, people usually say that the spirit master of this area lost to to the spirit-master of another area. On the same mountain lives Ceri-su, the most pewerful spirit on earth. He ... knows what "regional" spirit master lost to another while gambling. During se’ances, when shamans hope to receive the embryo soul (kut) of a domestic animal or the soul (jula) of a child, they come to this mountain and address Ceri-su, trying to find out what "regional" spirit they need to appease with sacrifices and prayers." [They would appease the winning gambler.]

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"The sky ... consists of nine layers ... In the center of the last, ninth layer, a fire mountain rises ... This is the "headquarters" of the supreme deity named Kogo-Monko Adaz, who had created the sky and the earth, ... and who controls the spirit of lightning. Kogo-Monko can kill, using his ... bolts of lighting. His "palace" is a yurt made of felt ... On the top of his dwelling there grows a trees with a golden ribbon. Kogo-Monko’s mountain is surrounded by a other few fire sky mountains populated by his children."

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Having crossed a vast plain, which is located to the right of the "underworld mountain" and which is devoid of any vegetation, shamans

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reach a large swamp, where their route is blocked by five she-goats. {cf. Heidru`n, Hyndla, & the sexually promiscuous goddess Freyja, who "wandered the countryside at night, in the form of a she-goat." http://www.ancientsites.com/aw/Post/433645 – as cited from Hyndlu-ljo`d, str. 46-7 (RGA, vol 28, p. 251A)}These animals prey on both shamans’ souls and the sacrificial gifts shamans carry for Temir-khan. ...

Finally, shamans reach their destination, the residence of Temir-khan. The souls of shamans leave their drums outside, enter his felt tent, and present gifts ... After this, souls of shamans ask Temir-khan to relieve patents from illnesses which Temir-khan had inflicted through one of his subordinate spirits. Temir-khan usually explains the cause of an illness as the lack of a sacrifice he awaited. To fix the problem, continues Temir-khan, people should deliver the expected sacrifice".

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83

"At first there was ice, and ... There was only pure ice everywhere. {this is similar to the Norse cosmogony} At that time, the mother of the ice land ... was a maiden. Once she exposed her behind, and the father of the land, god, saw it and decided to overtake her. After she overook her, the land maiden devil became pregnant, and she gave birth to the mother of trees [Khore] to provide firewood for [as her?] children. {tree-deities are also Hellenic, Orphic, and Druidic} Mama of the land also gave birth to the loon. Then trees became very dense, and food for reindeer appeared. ... The master of water started to provide fish, and the wild deer started to eat the reindeer moss, which is the nipple of the land. On land, people started to eat the fish and the deer. That was people’s nipple of the land." {cf. the [Cymry] "paps of Anu"}

"to restore ... First, [the shaman] woke Khore, the mother of trees, and by feeding her with sacrifices, he helped her restore her powers and abilities. Then, accompanied by Khore, [the shaman] embarked on a journey, first to the underworld and then to the upper world. Before he started the journey, [the shaman] addressed the mother of trees as follows : "... Here we will enter the mouth of the devil’s land that children and then go gown. Here are the seven loons who had been eaten, too. It is the devouring devil that ate them up. Here we will go into his stomach. ...".

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Then they jumped, dropping into the first layer of the underworld. While dropping, Khore hurt herself. So they had to interrupt

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the journey, while the shaman healed her. When the mother of trees was healthy, they continued deeper into the underworld, going through the mouth of the spirit of the earth. ... "Here is the mouth of the afterworld, where souls go after people’s death. It is a very dark place. ...""

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"Then [the Shaman] and Khore crossed an ice land and reached a newly-built chum, where a servant of some spirit of an undefined ailment resided. To get permission to cross the domain of this spirit, the travelers had to pay a ransom, a piece of calico, which was magically turned into female clothing for this [female?] spirit. {[in Hinduism,] disease-causing spirits are all female} Having paid the ransom, they asked the spirit not to send illnesses to their tribe. {in Bon, payments to spirits are likewise termed "ransoms"}

Eventually the travelers reached the end of the icy land, where they found the sources of seven creeks, which flew {as 7 loons?} into one spring. {bird-bath?} ... when the mama of the land was giving birth to all grass roots, she was urinating into seven creeks. {" Upstream was the giantess Gjalp who strode over the river, one foot on each bank. She was urinating into the river causing it to overflow." To`rr "grabbed a clump of Rowan to help him out of the river and it is for this reason that Rowan is called Thorr's deliverance." (LFO)} Here are the seven wombs, where the souls of all people are born, seven hordes such as ... the Yurak, the Ostiak and others ...

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At the place where the seven creeks flew into one spring, there were three trees that sprang up from one root. The three trees were the three ailments sent to people as a punishment for incest committed by two brothers and a sister. Ironically, ... the act of incest was provoked by the same three spirits of the ailments." {is this water-spring aequivalent to the water-well of [Norse] Hjuki & Bil ?}

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The swimming travelers proceeded further and finally reached a large lake. There were nine hills right amid the lake. ... the river they were swimming was ... actually ... the womb of the mother earth (land), and the hills were the bellies of nine old brothers. The rocks on top of their "bellies" were actually their penises. Amid these "hills-bellies," the mother of trees spotted an entrace leading to the next layer, to the sphere populated by the deities who grant shamans their powers ...

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Using the "penis" of one of the old men, the travelers entered the next layer that is also described as a bodily part, the belly of the mother of the chum. Inside the chum, they

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Finally, they reached the tip of the mother earth’s tongue, where they met a ... woman who was sitting there. When they inquired who she was, the woman answered, "... I am ... the mother of shamans. When new shamans or new spirits are made, I provide them with iron skins. That is why I am the mother of iron ... I lost my man, who [is] a Samoyed god, from whom I conceived. He began fighting the spirit of war but did not have enough power and ran away. Now I became the servant of the spirit of war. I do what he forces me to do. He tells me, ‘You live by the end of the tongue of the mother earth. So stay there and scratch the tongue.’" {cf. [Yoruba] hen-goddess scratcbing the ground}

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"Night descended, and next morning, the spiritual travelers returned to the point where they started their journey, the mouth of the mother earth.

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Yet now the landscape looked different. From the mouth, they swam in the water, which carried away the souls of the dead, and reached the first layer of the underworld, where they spent the first night of their journey. The road went through the icy barren land. [The shaman] and Khore reached three hills, which were the foreheads of three ailments that were very hostile to the shaman." {cf. the hone-stone embedded in the forehead of To`rr (CP, p. 13; H) – this hone-stone was attended to by Gro`a the wife of O,RVandil : [Hellenic] ORWos ‘mountain’}

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"At first, hostile spirits tricked the shaman into hunting two false deer ("grandfather hunger" and "grandfather louse") that could poison people to death. Yet Khore helped the shaman to avoid the trap. She found the "mama of the deer food," which looked like a stem of grass {is this grass [the Aztec day-sign] Malinalli ‘grass’, depicted along with gouged-out eyen?}, and instructed the shaman, "... You should shoot with your eyes closed. ..."" {cf. the [Norse] shooting of Baldr by the sightless Ho,dr}

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"In the morning, the journey resumed and, moving by water, the travelers reached two hills. Above the hills they noticed seven penises of the crescent hanging from up above. This was the entrance to the upper world. To ascend to the upper world, the shaman harnessed a so-called winged devil and began climbing a penis of the crescent ...

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Then they swam upriver, which was the streaming urine of a crescent penis. En route they found two boxes with eyes, which the mother of the crescent used to provide eyesight to various beings, and

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Right after the receipt of the power, the passage to the middle world opened, and Khore instructed the shaman, "Now when you start curing your people, before going to the spirit of an illness, you should ask for power through this hole. You should shout into this hole, ‘Father, mother, give power!’ and power will come to come to you though this hole"."

"The travelers ... dropped to the principal layer of the underworld to the mouth of the earth, where they had started their journey. Here the travelers went by a river and again encountered various obstacles before they finally returned to the middle world."