p. 16b

p. 17b

p. 17, Fig. 9

Zun~i

Tewa

Skidi

E "male"

dawn-wind

E WOLF

E hawk

SE WOLF

cloud

S

cyclone

S badger

S WILDCAT

SW WILDCAT

wind

W "female"

"creation"

N MOUNTAIN-LION

W MOUNTAIN-LION

NW MOUNTAIN-LION

lightning

N buffalo

snow

W BEAR

N BEAR

NE BEAR

thunder

Zenith EAGLE

Zenith EAGLE

Nadir mole

Nadir badger

p.

myth

38b

"the constellations are all objects thrown from an overturned celestial canoe" .

{these differences may repraesent different constellations}

40a

[Tlinit] "experience of someone walking on the path of the dead (Milky Way)" :- "as she slept, she thought she saw a wide trail with many people on it and all kinds of fierce animals around. Good people had to pass along this trail in order to live again. When she came to the end of the trail there was a river there, and a canoe came across to her from the other side of it. She entered this and crossed. There some people came to her and said, "... There is starvation here, we are cold, and we get no water to drink." "

northern [i.e., Atapaskan]

Tsims^ian

Tlinit

p. 40b "Gradually tiring of flying, ... Raven ... heard noises coming from a clam and, opening it, let out the first people." {account (B-R>S^YT 1:2) of hovering spirit (bird) is about THoM (‘the Deep’) = [Akkadian] Ti>aMat, who was a clam-goddess}

p. 40b "One morning a youth ... appeared out of the coffin. ... The shining youth ate no food. Slaves of the Chief tricked the boy into eating a small scab. {cf. [Maori legend] hound killed for eating a scab of Ue-nuku}

pp. 40b, 42a "The Chief was so jealous of his wife, whom he kept protected in a chest, tha he always killed his sister’s male children. [She hid her last son, Raven.] ... Finally, after Raven managed to steal the chest and sleep with his aunt, the uncle created a great flood swirling from his hat ... Raven and his mother both survived ...; the mother by swimming and Raven by flying up and sticking his beak in the sky." [when tired of flying]

p. 43b "the ghost-people are fishing from their coffin-canoes before they vanish when the daylight-box opens".

p. 43b "daylight is ‘splashed’ upon the ghost people to scare them".

p. 43b "The Chief of the Sky’s daughter is ... the Moon".

p. 43b Moon is chiefess "who enjoys paddling through the sky to visit her tribe".

p. 44a "When Raven breaks the wife’s chest, a number of ... feathers are released which ... become the ghost people fishing".

p. 44a "Moon is ... broken into pieces to create the stars".

p. 44a "the unfaithful wife is ‘smashed’ to pieces by the jealous husband".

direction

beast-god

color

summer-solstice sunrise (NE)

mountain-lion

yellow

summer-solstice sunset (NW)

bear

blue

winter-solstice sunset (SW)

badger

red

winter-solstice sunrise (SE)

wolf

white

Zenith (Above)

eagle

variegated

Nadir (Below)

mole

black

#

constellation

its identity

1^st

Nahookos Bika>ii (‘male who revolveth’)

Ursa Major

2^nd

Nahookos Ba>aadii (‘female who revolveth’)

Cassiopeia

3^rd

>atse>ets>ozi (‘1^st slim’)

Orion

4^th

Dilyehe [pinlike sparkles (p. 77b)]

Pleiades

5^th

>atse>etsoh (‘1^st big’)

thorax of Scorpius

6^th

Gah Heet>e>ii (‘rabbit-tracks’)

tail of Scorpius

7^th

Yikaisdahi (consisting of crystal chips)

galaxy

p.

Great Star caerimony

93b

myth :- "Coyote caused the pillar to grow, carrying Younger Brother into the sky, where he was taken in by Star People. ... In the sky world, ... there were wars between ... sky creatures. {cf. the war between sky-animal armies in the True History by Lucianus} Then the stars taught Younger Brother the great Star ceremony and sent him back to earth ..."

94a

then you have a sickness that will be helped by the Great Star Chant."

p.

figure

101 = Fig. 3

"[Mixtec] "Turtle-Xiuhcoatl Sacrificer" ("Yahui" in the Mixtec language)." [not, however, in Lamat-shape]

105b

"[Maya] "Mirror (Nen) glyph [T617]." {cf. [<arabi] "mirror-armor". cf. also [Skt.] Loka-aloka ‘world-mirror’ (double mountain-range surrounding the world.}

112a, Fig. 16

[Hopi] "The Kalehtaka, or War Priest, is shown carrying a circular war shield with an emblem indistinguishable from the Maya Lamat ... glyph."

113, Fig. 18

[Hopi] "the war God, Po:okon, with ... the same circular Lamat-decorated shield." [cf. p. 116a]

114a, Fig. 19

"The "Ewiro" Hopi Warrior Kachina regularly holds the diagnostic circular Lamat-form war shield."

117, Fig. 24

[Cuna of the San Blas islands] "quincux layout of five turtles with the Lamat-form cross on their carapaces. The central image is a turtle within a mother turtle, representing the Cuna goddess of birth." {cf. [Aztec] tortoise-riding Ayo-pechtli, the goddess of childbirth}

p. 117a " "Tawiskaron," [conjectured to be] a Nahua loan word into Iroquoian languages, suggested to Floyd G. Lounsbury that the spirit of Highland Mexican Venus War God Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli, (Dawn House Lord) ... had migrated that far." {comment : there is no definite evidence of Tlahuizcalpan-tecuhtli as war-god}

{comment : Tawiskaron is, to the Iroquois, an anti-god opposed to Iroquois culture. Since the Iroquois culture was quite bellicose, this may indicate that Tawiskaron was the patron-deity of anti-war protest.}

constellation etc.

p. 129a identity

p. 132, Fig. 4 location on altar

p. 132, Fig. 4 color

Bunch of Balls

Pleiades

Hand

Auriga ?

Bear-stars

Sirius & Procyon ?

Mistaken Morning-star

Fomalhaut ?

bottom centre

black

Morning-star

centre

black and red bands

moon

top centre

black bordered with green and red

p.

myth

129b

Morning-star (Venus)-man’s "baby turns into a Fallen Star, the Blackfoot term for puffball fungus (these fungi appear overnight during the season of summer meteor showers). When night comes, the bereaved mother looks up and sees a bright star, her child, shining as the Fixed Star, Polaris, in the hole formerly filled by the turnip".

"Mistaken Morning Star ... is described ... as Scarface, a poor but brave young man who journeyed to the Sun and was befriended by Morning Star".

"The Twin Brothers, Ashes-Chief and Stuck Behind (-the-Lodge-Poles) ... in the sky, probably Castor and Pollux".

"The Pleiades are called the Bunched Stars ..., and are said to be six brothers who fled to the sky when other children mocked the boys’ poor clothing".

130a

"the Smoking Star, ... possibly the Great Nebula in Orion, ... is said to be the apotheosis of Clot-of-Blood, the miraculous slayer of monsters".

One of the young wolves wears a robe painted with ... the constellation "The Hand" ..."

[Hidatsa, Mandan, Arapaho] "Sun and Moon were once brothers, seeking wives : Sun was seduced by the sexy flickering tongue of a toad, and he married her, but

[p. 138b, n. 3 "In Mesoamerican cosmology, Sun ... each night ... is swallowed by Earth in the form of a female toad". {cf. Cherokee belief that solar eclipses are the sun being swallowed by a frog (MCh, p. 109).}]

For the Arapaho and Hidatsa, Old Woman’s Grandchild became the Morning Star ...;

for the Crow, he became the North Star".

p. 137, Table 1

p. 50b [Young] Zun~i

Cheyenne

Pawnee

NE

BLACK

BLACK

NW

YELLOW

YELLOW

SW

RED

white

RED

SE

WHITE

red

WHITE

p. 137, Table 1 Oglala

p. 15a [Krupp] Nahua directional colors, according to Bernardino de Sahagu`n

magpie

North RED

North RED

crow

East YELLOW

East YELLOW

meadowlark

South WHITE

South WHITE

swallow

West black

West blue-green

p.

myth

comparative

142b

Fallen Star ... after seven days (and after seven girls ...) he ... shot the eagle and placed the spirits of the seven girls in the sky as a constellation – the Pleiades".

Iahi, the trumpeter (Psophia crepitans), however, discovered the eagles’ vulnerable spot (W, p. 86).

origin of Devil’s Tower in Wyoming :- "a brother and sister were chased by some bears. ... Fallen Star ... commanded the Earth to rise up out of reach of the bears, who clawed at the hill as it lifted."

Navaho myth of brother and sister fleeing from she-bear guise of their mother.

143b

"the Pipe ... in Triangulum and Aries."

"Dipper" is the Chinese term for this constellation.

145a

"Devil’s Tower, ... matotipila paha, "The Hill of the Bear’s Lodge," ... (... eight stars in Gemini)".

Dokana-pillars (GM 74.7) of the Dioskouroi, who are the Twins (Gemini).

p.

myth

148a

"Beboon (Winter" and Neebin (Summer) ... made war upon each other ... Beboon took Neebin prisoner and locked him up ... Fisher ... managed to set Neebin free, Fisher himself was caught fast, his trailing tail fused to a rift in the sky that had clapped shut as Fisher made his way out. His image has ever remained transfixed against the sky as the Fisher with a Broken Tail (the Big Dipper)". {in some other tribes in North America, a similar tale is told, involving instead Bear being caught by the tail in freezing ice, thereby becoming the constellation Ursa Major.}

148b

"Other than the Sun, the moon, and the Fisher stars, the sky was void [until] ... a young Anishinaubaeg ... captured, and then married a sky woman who, along with her sisters, used to descnd from the sky in a craft to play with little animals ... Then one day she ... constructed a craft and ... she and her son were borne to her home in the sky where she was reunited with her parents. After l.ong sparation the son, now a young man, was allowed to go to Earth to visit his father ... On his return to the sky the son asked that his father be brought to their home. The boy’s granfather agreed on the condition that the Earth being bring sacks of brightly colored pebbles. When the grandfather received the offering of brightly

149a

colored pebbles, he cast them into space where they became bright glittering stars."

"Two young women asked one another as they looked skyward one evening which of the stars they would choose in marriage. One chose the brighest red star (Mars), while the other chose the brightest white star (Venus?). While they were asleep they were transported to the sky ...; the young woman who had chosen the red star found a young man beside her, and she who had longed for the white star, and old, old man." {cf. [Amahuaca] star Wis^-mawo` ‘star white-hair’ (p. 223b, n. 15)}

149b

"Pauguk was a man who coveted

150a

his brother’s wife and in order to gain her, killed his own brother by drowning him. {"To ensure the propagation of the human race, a girl, destined to be his wife, was born together with each of the sons of Adam. Abel’s twin sister was of exquisite beauty, and Cain desired her." (LB, p. 56) "Cain ... struck him on the neck and inflicted death." (LB, p. 57 : cf. PPI, p. 280)} For this crime the tribe banished Pauguk from the village. Pauguk left by canoe and ... the skeleton {cf. [Aztec] Huitzilopochtli, born as a skeleton, who guided the nation in its migration}, all that remained of Pauguk, flew into the sky ... to be set near afire {"Cain [Qayin] was sent back to Erez [>eres.] ... by the flames of the ever-turning sword." (LB, p. 59)} by the blaze of the Sun in summer or to be wracked by the freeze of ice in winter."

p.

quest

149a

"During a vision quest a young man’s spirit was taken into the skies directly to the abode of Autissokaunuk ..., the patron of music, and of echoes, and of prophecies."

149b

For good will you dream."