"Exorcistic Performers and Chinese Religion in Twentieth-Century Taiwan"
pp. 97-99 Jia-jian personnel
p. |
title |
facial make-up |
hat |
gown |
in left hand |
in right hand |
97 |
Punishment Bearer |
(unpainted) |
board painted with carp |
board painted with tigre |
||
Civil Messenger |
white with red-&-green markings |
yellow |
fan |
tablet of god |
||
Military Messenger |
white with 2 pairs of black fins & tails; red lips |
yellow tigre-pattern |
trident-flag |
fan |
||
Gan-ye |
red on left, black on right; white striations |
with gold colors, red balls on wires, and glass beads |
white (with blue dragon painted on right arm) |
fan |
split-bamboo staff |
|
Liu-ye |
white with black Y-shaped devil-catchers |
(similar to Gan-ye’s) |
black (with blue tigre painted on left shoulder) |
split-bamboo staff |
fan |
|
98 |
Da-ye (Xie jian-jun) |
white; downward-tilting mouth; double bat-face with wings; wavy black-&-red striations |
tall white |
white |
fan |
Y-shaped stock |
Er-ye (Fan jian-jun |
brown or purple, with S & reversed S |
black or dark-blue |
black (with butterfly painted on left shoulder) |
squarish tigre-board |
fan |
|
Spring (He-ye) |
red forehead with dragon-horns; lower face green |
with broad front, but without back |
caerulean |
fan |
bucket |
|
Summer (Z^an-ye) |
red, with white fire-like design on forehead |
(similar to Spring’s) |
red, usually scarlet |
fire-pot |
fan |
|
Autumn (Xu-ye) |
black with tigre-markings |
(similar to Spring’s) |
black or dark-green |
fan |
cudgel |
|
Winter (Zao-ye) |
double gourd, black-&-white with red |
(similar to Spring’s) |
dark-green or black |
snake (either real or artificial) |
fan |
|
99 |
Civil Justice |
(various) |
black with front brim |
long black |
fan |
book-&-brush |
Military Justice |
(various, often red) |
(matching hat) |
long black |
mace |
fan |
{with Winter’s snake, cf. Hopi snake-holding dancers : "They shall take up serpents" (Gospel according to Mark 16:18)}
[cf. variants of order of performers on p. 235, Figure 6.4]
p. 169, Figure 5.1 -- the 5 Jia-jian schools
school |
dance-style |
ritual |
face-painting |
musical accompaniment |
Don-gan (old White Dragon Shrine) |
simple, paired, vigorous |
lay inauguration |
expert (red-black-&-white only) |
punishment-boards beat time |
Ma-dou / Jia-li (San-wu-jia) |
back-step, back-to-back pass |
minimal |
idiosyncratic |
kettledrum |
Jia-yi Gon-ji-tan (city-god) |
developed; circling |
lay installation |
expert (colorful) |
cymbal & gong |
Fen-s^an / Qi-s^an |
intimate, undeveloped |
Daoist inauguration |
casual |
octagonal Daoist drum |
Jia-ji Palace of Merciful Salvation (Ci-ji-gon) |
minimal, circling; high step |
Daoist exorcism |
expert |
cymbal & drum |
p. 333, n. 2:23 order of march
costume for pair |
one of pair |
other of pair |
tigre-pattern vest |
Wu-c^ai |
Wen-c^ai |
magenta/black, with pink skirts |
Suo |
Jia |
green |
S^en |
tall, white-hatted C^en |
orange |
Liu |
Gan |
-- |
Fan (black-costumed) |
Xie (white-costumed) |
pp. 308-311 (Appendix A) -- divinities (beginning with gods of the 5 sacred peaks, who were incarnated) at Bai-lon-an (‘White Dragon Shrine’) in Fu-z^ou praefecture
p. |
mountain (__-s^an) |
deity ("__ Perfected Lord") |
incarnation |
|||||||||
308 |
central (Son) |
Yellow Origin Great Brightness Containing Truth |
S^i of An-xi |
|||||||||
eastern (Tai) |
Supreme Numinous Caerulean Brightness Director of Life |
Z^an of Jin-jian |
||||||||||
southern (Hen) |
Felicitous Splendor Purple Brightness |
Z^on of Hui-an |
||||||||||
western (Hua) |
Western Peak Plain Brightness Effulgent Spirit (bo) Great Lightness |
Liu of Nan-an |
||||||||||
northern (Hen) |
Medicine without Fear, al. dic. Sacred Peak Act-without-Extremeness |
Z^ao of Ton-an |
||||||||||
the Xia-lai-an version commenceth here |
||||||||||||
(beginning with the 5 chief ministers of the Plague Ministry; followed by the 10 [should be "15"] Generals before the Sedan) |
||||||||||||
Lord of Efficacious __ (__-lin) |
hui |
zi |
born in __ hour |
of __ day |
of __ month |
and weareth __ gown |
||||||
309 |
Appearance (Xian) Z^an |
S^i |
Yuan-bai |
Zi |
10th |
7th of jia-zi |
yellow |
|||||
Response (Yin) Z^on |
Lin |
S^i-xiu |
Yin |
10th |
4th of bin-yin |
blue-green |
||||||
Declaration (Xuan) Liu |
Zi-min |
Yuan-da |
You |
3rd |
3rd of yi-si |
red |
||||||
Exertion (Z^en) Z^ao |
Jun-wu |
Guan-min |
Yi |
15th |
3rd of din-mao (?) |
white |
||||||
Display (Yan) S^i |
C^en |
Wen-ye |
Hai |
1st |
9th of c^ou-xin |
black |
||||||
Perfected Lord __ |
hui |
zi |
born in __ hour |
of __ day |
of __ month |
in __ county |
||||||
Enhanced Goodness of the Flying Yan Dark Perspicacity (as Civil Messenger C^en) |
Ji-xian |
Yi-di |
Zi |
6th |
6th |
Fu-qin |
||||||
309-10 |
Benevolent Vacuity of the Wind Abundant (as Military Messenger Huan) |
Yin |
Xu |
12th |
9th |
Min |
||||||
310 |
5 Efficacies Bright Star (as Bi Z^on-jun) |
Z^on |
Yin |
15th |
8th |
C^an-le |
||||||
Auspicious Conjunction (as Great General ‘Cangue’) |
Yu-hui |
C^ou |
19th |
5th |
Gu-tian |
|||||||
Pure Origin Miraculous Way (as Great General ‘Lock’) |
S^en-ji |
S^en |
2nd |
4th |
Lian-jian |
|||||||
World-Surpassing Great Perspicacity Conversion (as Holding the Left Punishments Great God Gan) |
Pen-fei |
Yi-jin |
Zi |
12th |
7th |
Yon-fu |
||||||
Miraculous Perspicacity Embracing the Forests (as Holder of the Right Punishments Great God Liu) |
Yu |
Da-di |
Mao |
13th |
5th |
Yon-fu |
||||||
Ever-Calm Reverence for the Way (as Great God Seizer Xie) |
Hon |
Hai |
14th |
6th |
Luo-yuan |
|||||||
Virtuous Faith Reverence to the Way (as Great God Capturer Fan) |
Da |
Wu |
8th |
8th |
C^an-le |
|||||||
Pure Heart (as Great God Spring) |
Qin Xi-mei |
S^en |
1st |
2nd |
Pin-nan |
|||||||
310-1 |
Upright (?) Conduct (as Great God Summer Z^ou) |
Wen-qi |
Zi |
1st |
5th |
Gu-tian |
||||||
311 |
Dark Purity Enduring Hardship (as Great God Autumn) |
Di S^i-si |
Mao |
1st |
8th |
C^an-le |
||||||
Penetrating Wisdom (as Great God Winter) |
Don Fu-di |
Xu |
1st |
11th |
(capital) |
|||||||
Martial Virtue High Emperor (as Pan Military Justice) |
Yuan-z^i |
Xu |
11th |
3rd |
Fu-qin |
|||||||
Follow Transformation Minimize the Primal (as Kan Chief Justice) |
Zi-dian |
Hai |
23rd |
9th |
Min |
p. 329, n. 1:49 interior universe ("Inverting his pupils in meditation, making the eyes the sun and moon, the Master is able to see an interior universe.") according to Lao-zi Z^on-jin (‘Lao-zi’s Book of the Centre’) [2nd century Chr.E. ?] :-
location in body |
its correlative in physical universe |
head |
mountain-range surrounding a lake |
forehead |
mirror (with 9-roomed Hall of Lights) |
nose |
valley, down which a stream bringeth water |
ears |
2 towers |
tongue |
bridge crossing that stream |
trachea |
12-storeyed tower |
breasts |
sun & moon |
lungs |
clouds |
heart |
Scarlet Palace |
spleen |
Yellow Courtyard – a sacred praecint wherein the body’s divine inhabitants meet |
stomach |
Granary |
liver |
forest |
intestines |
altars of the gods of the soil and of the harvest |
kidneys |
yin & yan |
[bladder] |
Ocean of Breaths, with giant tortoise |
umbilicus |
the inverted, mushroom-shaped mt. of Kun-lun |
? |
Field of Cinnabar |
? |
Gate of Destiny |
p. 346, n. 5:3 numeric groups
tai-ji (‘Supreme Ultimate’) |
lian-yi (‘Two Sides’) |
san-he (‘Three Unities’) |
si-xian (‘Four Manifestations’) |
wu-xin (‘Five Phases’) |
liu-duan (‘Six Breaks’) |
qi-xin (‘Seven Stars’) |
ba-gua (‘Eight Trigrams’) |
jiu-gon (‘Nine Palaces’) |
HARVARD EAST ASIAN MONOGRAPHS, 218 = Donald S. Sutton : Steps of Perfection. Harvard U Asia Center, Cambridge (MA), 2003.