#

Cap.

P.

0.

Introduction

ix-lvi

1.

Colorado Mine

1-16

2.

Hermosillo

17-33

3.

Across the Border

34-55

4.

Marriage

56-68

5.

Around the West

69-84

6.

Candle in Heaven

85-93

7.

Loreta Departeth

94-110

8.

Javiela & Afterwards

111-28

9.

Ri`o Yaki

129-49

10.

Torim

150-67

11.

Vicam

168-77

12.

Torim Again

178-97

13.

Torim Yet Again

198-221

14.

Traveling

222-34

15.

Lubbock

235-4

p. x

"The Yaquis, Mayos, and other tribes spoke dialects of the Cahita language of the Uto-Aztecan language stock."

p. xii

"The early Spanish {actually, Nahuatl, not "Spanish"} name for Cahita territory was Petatlan (petate-land, or place of mats), suggesting that ... carrizo cane mats for walls is indeed an aboriginal trait."

"the Jesuits Andre`s Pe`rez de Ribas and Toma`s Basilio, along with some ... Tehueco Indians, entered Yaqui territory without military escort.

The chronicle of Pe`rez de Ribas is the classic source on the aboriginal culture of the Yaquis".

[(p. lvii) Andre`s Pe`rez de Ribas (transl., in a condensed form, from the Spanish by Toma`s Antonio Robertson) : My Life among the Savage Nations of New Spain. Los Angeles : Ward Ritchie Pr, 1968.]

p. xxiv

"Long ago, the Surem lived along the Yaqui River

on one of the now abandoned channels south of the modern river.

{Cf. the antient civilization located in a now-dry river-channel, the Sarasvati, southeast of currently-flowing river-channels in the Pan~jab.}

These people were short statured ... . ...

{"certain short, stocky family types ... were referred to" (HM, p. 324) as the (mythical) Mu and Wa.}

One day in Surem country a dead mesquite tree or dry pole ... began

{cf. the non-foliated tree carven into the Temple of the Cross at Palenque in Chiapas.}

p. xxv

to go tap-tap-tap like a telegraph set,

{This (spirit-rappping on wood) is likewise commonplace in modern-day communication with spirits in Europe and in the United States.}

but no one could understand what it was saying. ... the wise man, Mapoli, who lived in the north near Guaymas Bay, ... said his daughter could tell them what it meant. ... The tapping tree told of many wonderful things that were to happen. ... The other Surem have disappeared, and their river died."

"The story of the Tower of Babel, also referred to as the Tower of Babylonia, refers to the native Indian languages of Sonora." {The same tale is also sometimes applied to the pyramid at Cholula.}

{This may have prae-Columbian local significance : the Sonora River valley is ("MFS", p. 53) "in all probability Coronado's "Valle de Suya."" /SUYA/ may be the source of the name /SUYuA/ (or /Zuyua/) of the figurative ritual-terminology described Books of Chilam Balam. The Maya language is known to be related to the Zun~i language, so that may be possible that the Sonora River valley may be the original homeland of the Maya-s.}

p. xxix

"Several categories of individuals specialize in dealing with ... the supernatural world : ... wise men (sabios), and curers (curanderos) ... . ...

Some individuals who do not fully qualify for the exalted position of sabio fulfill the role of fortuneteller. ...

{Fortune-tellers (by way of "tarot, palm") are largely of non-Yaki ethnicity : QD, p. 180.}

p. xxx

Rosario saw only one of the great sabios in his lifetime, a man called Jose` Mari`a No`teme."

[Apud No`teme, vide infra, pp. 150-1; cited in T-N, p. 117.]

p. xxx

"A fright adminstered by the Yaquis is believed to have been responsible for the death of the hated Governor Iza`bal.

Supernatural fright caused by a ghost climbing upon one's shoulders could result in the guts rising. This may lead rapidly to death".

{A person may be "frightened to death" ("POGSDO") by Maasaw.}

"Rosalio said that it was widely believed among Arizona Yaquis that he was a witch {brujo} because so many of his enemies there had died. He publicly uttered remarks, which he called "prayers," against various people, ...

his "prayers" were answered, and this is ... the reason for his Arizona reputation. On the other hand, he says that no one in the Yaqui villages {in Sonora} ever suspected him of witchcraft {brujeri`a}.

p. xxxi

The claims that he was a witch amused rather than scared him, perhaps because he was safely removed from Arizona most of the time."

{That R.M. later died while visiting Tucson, Arizona, is an indication that the danger to him was real enough; perhaps his venturing into a hostile environment (instead of staying in the safe environment of Lubbock, TX) hastened his demise.}

"Some of the various techniques described by Rosalio as being used by witches seem to derive from European witchcraft.

{These "European" techniques may all derive, howbeit, from Oriental sources.}

He mentioned the use of dolls into which pins are stuck, stinging herbs rubbed, and so forth;

the gathering of dirt from a footprint and the subsequent burying in the graveyard of this

dirt wrapped with thorns in a cloth; and

the grinding up of human bones to place in food."

{Powdred bones of the human dead are eaten in funebrial caerimonies of some South American tropical-forest AmerIndian tribes.}

"unusual affluence ... opens the door to charges of witchcraft. It may be noted that ... accused witches were fairly well off".

{In Europe, the persons accused were usually widows who owned houses, the house thereupon being confiscated (according to law) by the accuser.} {In Africa, the only persons accused were wealthy persons who neglected to rendre sufficient donations to secret societies (which confiscated the property of the wealthy while torturing them to death).}

p. xxxi

"The interpretation of the meaning of signs and an evaluation of these ... was something that occupied Rosalio almost perpetually. ...

p. xxxii

Most important were visions and dreams that foretold the future. He has been given many visions in his life, the most important of which was his trip to heaven ... . Aside from his trip to heaven, he had many dreams that contained omens and glimpses of future events. A dream that recurred ... often ... was that he was flying; as he got older, he flew lower.

When the flying dreams first came to him, he saw tall buildings, big cities, and other things distant in time and space such as he had never seen before. ...

{But had he seen pictures of, and/or read or heard descriptions of, such sites? I have seen in a dream a city covered by a transparent dome, with curved-winged vehicles flying through an aperture at the summit of the dome -- but I had seen such illustrated in science-fiction magazines many years before.}

p. xxxiii

The dreams just described were unsolicited, as it were.

On many occasions he went to bed with the intention of having a dream that would give him certain information about a particular subject.

{This is so-called "dream-incubation".}

He told me that these dreams always came about 3:00 A.M."

{I have likewise noticed a tendency for significant dreams to occur to me at about 3:00 A.M. (waking then).}

"I have tried unsuccessfully to trace the origin of the ... belief alluded to in the title of this book, that each person has a candle burning in heaven

{Slaves sometimes believe that they have a "candle in heaven" ("LCH"), held by angel -- guiding them to protection from being abused by cruel slave-owners?} {Otherwise, a religious minister can be regarded (in Africa) as "candle in heaven" (FL, p. 64) for the congregation.} {"Revelation begins with 7 letters to 7 churches - each church has a candle in Heaven" ("CR") -- for a 7-branch mnorah (candlestick).}

and that one lives until his candle burns down."

{Another explanation of why some lives consume themselves sooner than others, is that shorter lives are due to "burning the (or, one's) candle at both ends", "in the same way a witch might burn a candle at both ends" (MBSH, p. 72).}

"A chone is a scalp, or a doll to which a scalp is attached, that has supernatural powers. [cf. infra p. 95]

{The "choni" is described as merely a braid of hair (without any scalp) in QD, p. 222.}

Magical cigarettes made from native tobacco (macucho) can be sent through the air to spy on people ... . [cf. infra pp. 94-5] ...

A witching olla, or pot, was described as having been used by two Yaqui witches". [cf. infra p. 20]

"El justo juez {'The Just Judge'} is a book of recitations cited ... as a powerful supernatural agent. Correct recitation is is an arduous task, and complete recitation two or three times is required for really strong protection. Once the recitation has been correctly performed, one can, for example, walk out of jails unseen. Rosalio ... found it too risky, as incorrect recitation backfires. [vide infra, p. 51]

He preferred a mail-order book called El oculto talisman which had much shorter recitations."

p. xxxiii

"Sierpas are giant animals that live in canyons, caves, and elsewhere. ... By and large the sierpas are supposed to reside in their subterranean lairs,

feeding on whatever can be sucked in,

{"drawn in by a sucking-monster" (Ponca -- T-ThNAM, p. 143)} {"from way underground ... it ... could draw people into it with its breaths" (L&LPPI, p. 305).}

growing larger and larger until one day they go to the sea, where they stay. ... The most famous sierpa story concerns ...

an argolito. The latter is a little man from another world who streaks through the air with a long rope trailing behind him. ...

{Is the name of Jose` ARGueLLes related to that of this ARGoLito?}

p. xxxiv

Beals [1945, p. 199] mentions ... this ... story and its ... dwarf ..., the latter

being called a suawa`ka.

{name perhaps cognate with that of Polynesian god /Sua/ = Hua, whose seer Lua-ho>omoe's 2 sons are each named (HM, p. 382) "Kaa", i.e. /ka>a/ 'thread, line of fibre' (HD) [= the "long rope" of the argolito?].}

p. xlv

"He was given the name Rosalio Moise`s Valenzuela at birth. ... The Spanish name Valenzuela was chosen ... in preference to the Yaqui name, Cochemea or

Kochemea, that his father used. ...

p. xlvi

Hurtado is the Spanish name adopted by Rosalio's mother's family instead of the Yaqui name Liowe. I always knew him as

Simon Palos, a name he adopted in 1934 ... .

{in reference to the mythic poles of "greasewood ... four long ones" (L&LP&PI, p. 313)?}

At an earlier date he had gone by the names Miguel Venegas and Jose` Ramos for a time."