"There terms Ulkami/Ulkumi/Alkami were probably a contraction of ... Oluku mi which literally ... meant, ... My fellow tribesman".

"the woman who cooked the animals that were sacrificed would bathe with herbs and would abstain from having sexual relations the night before, otherwise the meat of the animals would be spoiled. Likewise, bata` drummers ... should also abstain from sex the night before they officiate."

p.

date

Catholic saint

oris^a

63

Jan 1

Manuel

Oduduwa

Feb 2

Virgin of candlemas

Oya`

May 15

Isidoro labrador

Oko

Jun 24

John

Ogu`n

Jul 29

Marta

Nana` Buruku`

64

Sep 8

Virgin of charity

Os^u`n

Oct 15

Teresa

Oya` [again!]

Oct 24

Rafael

Osain

65

Nov 16

Christopher

Agayu` Sola`

Dec 17

La`zaro

Babalu` Aye`

"The heart, the liver, the gizzards, the feet, and the head would be cooked. ... Since children have no bad feelings and have clean hearts, the in~ales ... were given to them."

p.

rite

66

"babalaos ... make the registro [divination-consultation] and tell the person which saint he or she is going to take. ... After initiation has taken place, the oriate` ... tells you what things you can and cannot do."

76

"The itutu bids farewell to a deceased priest. The pinaldo enabled a practicing and knowledgeable person (a santo parado) to be initiated".

77

"In Africa priests were deidcated to the worship of one orisha, ... an during initiation they were given ... the Orisha they were to worship, the so called "head and foot" initiation. In Cuban Santeri`a, the initiate receives un juego de orichas, or numerous orishas."

later received are the orichas de fundamento : Obatala`, Yemaya`, S^ango`, Os^u`n.

p.

in Palo religion

in Lucumi` religion

66

Sarabanda (‘7 Lightning’)

S^ango`

Mama` C^ola

Os^u`n

203

Nsambia Munalembe (Cuatro Vientos ‘4 Winds’)

Oru`n-mila

p.

altar

66

"The bo`veda or altar for the spirits of the deceased family members was a fenced-in area ... in the yard where offerings were given to the ancestors of the family ... They were offered ajiaco (a Cuban ... soup made with boiled vegetables and meat)."

85

in the yard outside the house :- "The dead are offered a pig’s head".

p.

deity

offerings

other features

64

Inle

fish

65

Inle

water-spring

82

Olodumare

"is afraid of mice" {cf. elephants, in India}

S^ango`

red apples

Obatala`

meringue desserts

84

Oya`

meteor, flare

85

Os^osi

"patron of hunters"

Agayu` Sola`

"patron of porters"

109

Iku`

empty bottles

112

S^ango`

double-bladed axe

113

Os^osi

guinea-hens

Obatala`

land-snails

Osain

land-turtles

131

Elegba`

mouse

241

Os^u`n

pumpkin

on~i` (honey) covering her naked body

250

Oya`

lima beans

S^ango`

mushrooms

p.

saint

oris^a

79

Santa Ba`rbara’s "father was struck dead by lightning after he executed her".

S^ango` is oris^a of thunderstorms

"In the background of Santa Ba`rbara’s ... there is a burning castle." {her father’s ?}

S^ango` "set his own palace on fire".

221

Bartholomew "holding a knife"

Es^u` holding a knife

262

Lazarus "the man with the crutches"

Babalu` Aye` "diseases"

278

Peter "opens the doors to heaven."

Ogu`n "opening a path"

284

Joseph, "carrying a small bunch of flowers."

Osayin the herbalist

p.

soul & guardian-angel

86

The third and most important is the ancestral guardian soul (eleda, olori) which resides in the head and is associated with the individual’s destiny, and ... must continually be fed through sacrifices known as "feeding the head" (ibo-(o)-ri)."

87

"Yoruba associate the ancestral guardian soul with the forehead, or iwaju, the crown, or atari {cf. /<t.arah/ ‘crown’ (Strong’s 5849)}, and the occiput, or ipako."

88

Those who have been good on earth reach the good heaven (orun rere), which is also referred to as "the heaven of contentment" (orun alafia) or "the heaven of breezes" (orun afefe). ... People ... remain there for a generation before being reborn. Usually they are reborn into the same lineage".

89

"Eleda`, which is based or enshrined in the head, ... is the Guardian Angel, the individuals’ guide and protector. Something from God {"that of God", in Quaker diction} ... located in the center of humans’ heads, or just behind the crown."

"One has to catch the shadow after the person has walked by {cf. the dictum "become passers-by"}; otherwise the Angel (Eleda`) would see ... After the shadow has been taken, one can work on that person who has been left without a shadow."

90

"The eleda` ... is the protector and spiritual guide of a person, who is only known to Oru`la. The ada le yu is the guardian angel".

91

"Oru`la is the only one that knows who the eleda` of a person is".

"The blood of pigeons and white guinea fowl are appropriate olori propitiatory sacrifices. It is also customary to refresh the head, or ori`, with coconut water so it will be stable."

99

"The believers call their eleda` "Babami`," which means "father," or "Iyami`," "mother," according to their gender."

189

"Obatala` is olori, the owner of heads. ... Every human being has "a head," or ori`, an orisha who is his guardian angel."

273

"Obatala` was ... delirious with nightmares."

p.

bracelet & necklace; asiento

95

"the oracle might advise some women to receive and wear the ide` of Oru`la. This is a bracelet of green and yellow beads worn on the left wrist".

"The necklace of the Seven African Powers has the ache` of Olofin, Obatala`, Yemaya`, Chango`, Ogu`n, and Babalu` Aye`. It is made of a large crystal bead followed by a white, a blue, a red, a yellow, a black, a green, and a brown bead in recurring order."

"Once the necklaces are made, they are washed in the river to obtain the blessing and power of Ochu`n. At that time, a hen and honey are offered to Ochu`n. After the ritual bath, the necklaces are ready to receive the ache` of the gods and are placed in the sopera (soup tureen). After seven days have passed, the necklaces are ready."

96

"The neophyte should be bathed with omiero, a sacred mixture made of twenty-one herbs, before receiving the necklaces. ... After this purification rite, the initiate should be dressed in completely new, white clothes. ... Afterward, the saints are asked through ... the coconuts, if they are pleased with the initiate. If the answer is affirmative, he receives the elekes (necklaces) in the following order : Obatala`, Yemaya`, Ochu`n, and Chango`."

"Other important orichas, such as Olokun, Agayu`, and Nana` Buruku` cannot be asentados."

97

"The explanation given is that they are too powerful to be installed on the human head."

234

eleke of S^ango` ; "red beads only"

249

eleke of Oya` : beads with "white stripes"

"Oriate`s ... are the ones who shave and paint the heads of the neophyte[s]. They seat the oricha in the head, and ... they perform the ita` divination ritual, which determines the name of the new initiates, the taboos they have to respect, and the road or path of the oricha de cabecera of the neophyte."

p.

babalawo; oluwo

101

"A santero who can be possessed through trance by ... eguns, cannot become a babalao."

102

"During the initiation of babalaos, ... two black hens are sacrificed. The feathers and the blood are used to dress twenty-one iki`nes, or palm-nuts. One iki`n is placed on each of the twenty-one symbols ... The padrino coats each iki`n with a substance made of honey, cocoa butter, palm oil, and a small piece of coconut pulp. ... As the neophyte takes each iki`n ..., he incorporates Oru`la’s ache`. The initiate then spits each of the iki`nes into a gourd."

"In Yoruban mythology, a wife of Oru`nla, called "Odu," was much older than her husband and ... she took her own life. Oru`nla went to Orun (heaven) and got her back. However, Odu asked Oru`nla to keep her in a secret place, where women could not see her. ... It is believed that any woman who gazes upon Odu becomes blind."

103

"In Nigeria, however, a small number of women called the Iyanifa, who are the priestesses of Orunmila, can function as babalawos and can cast Ifa."

among babalao-s :- "The oldest and wisest are called olu`os. In order to become an olu`o one has to receive Olofin." ["Olofin (a consecrated metal cylinder that contains the secrets and powers that represent the Supreme Being)" – p. 102]

104

"some santeros who have undergone the ceremony of asiento of an oricha have been initiated as babalaos. They are called awo` and are considered senior to all babalaos".

202

The arewo is the assistant to the asare-pawo."

A bracelet made ... of white, blue, and red beads is the mark of their office."

p.

corpses

107

"After all of the corpse’s hair was shaved off, ... the corpse was buried, usually in the ground under the deceased’s bedroom, and offerings were placed in the grave."

108

A few days later ... Three members of the Egungun society came to visit the family. The Egungun who pretended to be the deceased hid in the backyard; another Egungun sat on the roof; while another one called the name of the deceased three times in a loud voice. The one who was up on the roof repeated the name aloud three times. Afterward, the one who was in the backyard responded in a low voice".

109

"Santeri`a believers visit ... the ceiba, or silk-cotton tree, where it is believed the dead habitually gather".

110

upon the death of a priest or of a priestess :- "The itutu or "quieting down" ceremony is performed. ... The priests try to implement the deceased’s wishes concerning disposal of the sacred stones, images of the orichas, and other religious paraphernalia."

"The body of the deceased is dressed with the a:cho` omo oricha, the garments worn on the day of initiation. In addition, the lock of hair that was cut off on initiation day is placed inside the coffin. Then the priest who presides over these ceremonies, begins the rituals designed to sever ties with the living so that the spirit may not harm anyone."

248

"When the spirit of a dead person ... continues to bother the living, ... it is necessary to call Oya` to remove him. ... When an omoricha (priest) or an iyalocha is buried, songs are dedicated to Iya` to encourage her to pamper that soul to prevent it from haunting the living."

p.

temple

56

"Presently, Santeri`a’s temples, or casas de santo, are still called "cabildos.""

111

The floor at the base of the altar that is covered with mats is called the plaza. There, ... containers full of chequete` (a traditional beverage made of bitter orange, sugar cane syrup, and fresh coconut water) are placed."

p.

drumming

59

tambor de yuca "a drum of Congolese origin"

69

"In Cuba, to be initiated as an olubata`, one only needs to undergo the medio asiento, or halfway initiation ceremony. Olubatalero, drummers initiated into the cult of An~a`, are authorized to play the bata` drums. They washed their hands before they played."

115

"Drums are called ilu`, but once they are consecrated and possess supernatural power, they are called An~a. ... The sacred drums are receptacles of the oricha An~a."

116

wemilere (drum-festival) :- "At the beginning of a drum festival, an oro seco is played. This is a series of drum solos that are not accompanied by singing or dancing. ... This Oro should be played before noon and, during the playing, the Oricha An~a talks directly to the dead".

117

"a special drum festival in played for the dead. This drum performance, called Egungun, is part of the ceremony called el levamiento del plato (raising of the dish), which is ... to the dead on the first anniversary of their death."

234

"The three bata` drums belong to Chango`."

drum

its deity

"the konkolo ... is the smallest in size and plays the highest note"

Elegba`

"the itotele ... is medium in size"

Yemaya`

"the iya` (mother), the largest one"

S^ango`

Elegba`, the messenger of the gods

Ogu`n

Os^osi

Oko

the oris^a "to whom the festival is offered."

Elegba`

p.

123-4

124

124-5

125

125-6

#

4

3

2

1

0

figure

alafia

otawe

eyife

okana

oyekun

3 warriors

inside the front door

Obatala`

head; white on Thursdays

Oru`nla

not gamble

Babalu` Aye`

raw peanuts

+Os^u`n

ovaries

S^ango`

red rooster at palm-tree

+Yemaya`

stomach; watermelon

Elegba`

corners of home; n~ame (yam)

Os^osi

judicial trouble

+Oba

water with herbs

Iku`

the dead

+Oya`

dreams

+Yewa`

children

+Yansa`

not born

Iku` [again!]

not hospital

+Nana` Buruku`

night

Aganyu`

go to Os^a priest

"A one-inch-long shell called the aye`;

a guacalote seed called egue-ayo;

a small black stone, or ota` {cf. black stone of Mecca}; and

a human vertebra".

p.

#

figure

deity (unique)

offering (unique)

128-9

1

okana-sorde

Iku`

honey

129

2

eyi-oko

identical twins (Ibeyi)

2 eggs

3

ogunda

Ogu`n

fresh fish

130

4

iroso

Olokun

arrow {cf. arrow from sea at Taj}

130-1

5

os^e

Os^u`n

5 peanuts

131

6

obara

guinea-fowl

7

odi

"your dreams"

gourd; beans

132

8

eye-unle

Obatala`

land-snails; 2 parrot’s feathers

132-3

9

osa

Aganyu`

machete; 2 bollito-s (bread-rolls)

133

10

ofun

horse’s mane

11

oju-ani s^ober

Nana` Buruku`; Babalu` Aye`; Osain

razor; white & black threads

134

12

eyila s^ebora

tigre’s hide; boat; rope; black-eyed peas

"the ekuele, which consists of chains called opele, in which eight shells are inserted on both ends of the chain ... The segment of the chain that falls to the right of the diviner forms an odu that is considered the masculine, and strongest odu. The other half of the chain that falls to the left of the diviner forms another odu, which is considered the feminine, and weakest, odu."

"the iki`nes, or palm nuts, and the board of Ifa`, or ate` Ifa`. The opon Ifa` is a wooden board ... Generally, sixteen palm nuts, or iki`nes, are used, sometimes seventeen. Engraved on each side of the board are the heads of the orichas who control the Four Corners of the world."

p.

multitude

of divinities of __

165

1,700

conspiracy

166

1,400

home

1,200

market-place

Olodumare breathed into man".

p.

deity

occupational

279

Osayin

herbalists

285

Os^osi

hunters {Pan "helped hunters to find their prey." (GM 26.c)}

297

Aganju

porters

p.

day

deity

291

Monday

Oko

288

Tuesday

Os^osi & Ogu`n

267

Wednesday

Babalu` Aye`

250

Friday

Oya` & S^ango`

258

Saturday

Yemaya` & Os^u`n