Maya (in Canpec^e) acupuncture
diagnosis
mode |
comparative |
p. 69 sas-tu`n (glass ball) |
[non-indigenous] |
pp. 69-70 egg |
cf. Daoist & Bon |
entrails of animal |
widespread: in Near East, etc. |
p. 70 "strips forty grains off the corn ... while invoking the gods": "factors include ... if the grains land in pairs or odd numbers" |
description by Russian divination by "forty-one beans": "predictions ... will be favorable if the number of beans is uneven, unfavorable if the number is even." (BM, p. 114) |
p. 71 burning copal "to see ... if the smoke makes spirals, rises straight, or disperses horizontally." |
African |
pp. 71-72 floating needles on water |
acupuncture-needles (p. 109)
Maya names of needles |
translation |
ix hun pudzub kik |
the needle which bleedeth |
ix hun pudzub olom |
the needle which freeth the blood |
[ta "lancet", RB, p. 46] |
|
[tah, "splinter", RB, p. 151 -- for acupressure?, cf. wooden acupuncture pegs, ChDT] |
|
spine of henequen plant |
|
spine of zubi`n plant |
|
spine from tail of manta rayfish |
|
spine from tail of lebisa rayfish |
|
spine from tail of xtoon rayfish |
|
fang of rattlesnake |
|
tusk of peccary |
|
beak of carpenter-bird |
|
quill of porcupine |
the first two of these names are from the Ritual of the Bacabob
forms of acupuncture (pp. 110-111)
type of acupuncture |
function |
where applied |
type of needles used |
hup |
puncture without drawing blood |
fold of skin (produced by pinching) |
fang of rattlesnake |
hup |
acupressure (not penetrating skin) |
spur of wild turkey |
|
tok |
to draw blood |
"fifty points" |
spine of rayfish |
acupuncture-points [X = used in Maya acupuncture]
Maya name [treament] |
translation, etc. |
Chinese name |
translation |
location |
function |
tok lu ni (p. 111) [tok: lebiza-spine] |
tok of the nose |
yin-tan (p. 112) |
sigil hall |
between eyebrows |
to give clarity to the mind |
[hup: deer fat] (p. 113) |
X |
tian-tu |
heaven's prominence |
suprasternal notch |
to cure chronic asthma |
(p. 114) |
xuan-ji |
North Star |
superior sternum |
ditto |
|
X |
yu-x -hon |
amid elegance |
1st intercostal |
ditto |
|
X |
s^en-can |
spirit's storage |
2nd intercostal |
ditto |
|
X |
lin-xu |
spirit's ruins |
3rd intercostal |
ditto |
|
X |
s^en-fen |
spirit's sigil |
4th intercostal |
ditto |
|
X |
bu-lan |
stepping-corridor |
5th intercostal |
ditto |
|
X |
s^u-fu |
hollow residence |
shoulder crease |
ditto |
|
[rattlesnake-fang: deer fat] (p. 115) |
"ear opens" |
yi-fen |
medicine wind |
below mastoid process |
to cure tinnitus (ringing in the ears) |
fen-c^i |
pool of wind |
||||
X |
ren-z^on / s^ui-gou |
philtrum |
depression above upper lip |
headache (Maya), apoplexy (China) |
|
X |
c^en-jian |
receiving fluid (p. 116) |
inside lower lip |
to cure toothache |
|
[manta-spine] (p. 116) |
tympanic sound |
tou-wei |
head support |
1st hairs on the temple |
c^iba pool: headache due to wind (Maya), vertigo (China) |
X |
s^en-tin |
spirit's hall |
hairline of forehead |
ditto |
|
[manta-spine] |
X |
han-yan |
jaw's dislike |
temporal hairline |
ditto |
[tok] |
vapor bath |
si-z^u-kon (p. 117) |
silken bamboo hollow |
outer end of eyebrow |
|
(p. 117) |
hou-din |
behind top of head |
fontanel of child (Maya), epilepsy (China) |
||
X |
qi-an-din |
before top of head |
ditto |
||
X |
ditto |
||||
X |
ditto |
||||
X |
si-du |
four ditch |
between ulna and radius |
to cure shoulder pain |
|
(p. 118) |
xiao-hai |
small sea |
interior aspect of elbow, cubital |
to cure rheumatism in the shoulders |
|
where wind in the body is stored |
ye-men |
fluid's door |
between outer two fingers |
to cure stiffness in the hand |
|
X |
z^on-z^ou |
middle island |
hand, dorsal, between 4th & 5th metacarpals |
to cure pain in arm |
|
(p. 119) |
da-z^ui |
big vertebra |
below protrusion of 7th cervical vertebra |
to lower fever |
|
[hup: pinched] |
X |
da-s^an-s^u |
large intestine's hollow |
below 4th lumbar vertebra |
manu hana "sounding of indigestion" (Maya), stomach energy (China) |
X |
zu-san-li |
"Three More Miles" |
below kneecap, in hollow |
to cure swelling of legs & feet |
|
(p. 120) |
lian-qiu |
ridge mound |
above knee, on outer thigh |
rheumatism in legs (Maya), stiffness in knees (China) |
|
X |
jie-xi |
release stream |
below inferior end of tibia |
to cure pain in feet |
|
[pinched] |
X |
nei-tin |
inner court |
between 2nd & 3rd toes |
nightmares (China) |
(p. 121) |
jin-jin |
2 sublingual points |
epilepsy (Maya), convulsions (China) |
||
[point of the ci ("maguey"), RB, p. 12, MS. p. 32] |
[tongue (in center?), RB, p. 12, MS. p. 32] |
[erotic-seizure, RB] |
p. 117 ""the air enters at the elbow and runs toward the shoulder"... a sort of canal connnects the points, and the wind runs through this canal." [According to the Navaho, the winds within the body enter at the rear of the top of the head, and exit as whirlwinds at the whorls on the finger-tips and toes (MIChW, pp. 83-84). In contrast, Lin S^u 17 and Nan Jin 23 "describe all channels running from the toes and fingers centripetally" (ChDT, p. 57).]
spiritual & wind-borne illnesses
pp. 178-183 Maya disease name |
translation |
p. 236 diagnosis |
remedy |
p. 177 Ee>k ic^ tabi |
evil "eye" |
p. 239 "protection amulet (oxo ak) ... with the seed ... ojo de venado or "deer's eye."" |
|
__ maak |
__ of a man |
vomiting, white phlegm |
|
__ kalan |
__ of a drunk |
||
__ xion kolee |
__ of a praegnant woman |
p. 238 "Burn the feathers of a vulture or parakeet beneath the child's hammock. This may cause the pregnant woman to lose her hair." |
|
[__ of a breastfeeding woman] |
p. 238 leaves of bitter orange |
||
__ balc^e> |
__ of an animal |
||
A k>an |
cry of the newborn |
p. 243 "the mother swings the child up and down nine times." |
|
Ho>ko [Ho> k>o, p. 242] k>iik tu tuc^ |
umbilical haemorrhage in newborns [infant having contact with "woman who has just had {sexual} intercourse and has not bathed ... The effect is produced by the semen that the woman carries within her {vagina}", p. 243] |
p. 243 "In the trunk of the tree chaka` ... carve out a hole ... and put the child's foot in it." |
|
U xu>uy pool |
whirlwind in the head |
||
p. 178 Pul Bah, Tzibola>: C^upul yo>ola __ |
"desire for" |
||
__ poc^ |
__ food |
[tuza (large rodent) meat: skin-pocks "hollows and holes"; armadillo meat: skin tough spots, p. 244] |
p. 245 "saliva ... on the skin" |
__ xi wak koole |
__ a man or a woman [desire to "pinch their belly", p. 245] |
[infection on thumb, p. 245] |
p. 245 "make nine passes ... thumb into the excrement" |
p. 178 Meya k>as: Men bi __ |
witchcraft: "bewitching" |
||
__ k>ini de hambi |
__ of the food |
||
__ k>imi yeteliik |
__ by wind & spells |
||
__ kasti solar |
__ of the fields |
||
__ kasti naal |
__ of the house |
||
__ kas yola |
__ caused by envy |
||
fear: "fright" |
|||
p. 178 Hak>iool |
__ originating in the womb |
||
Hak>ola |
__ of the mother, which passeth to the child |
||
Hasa ool |
__ passed to the child inthe mother's milk |
||
Xpak>i |
__ in children & newborns |
||
Sa>kil |
__ caused by fear of older children |
||
Pask>il |
chronic __ in children |
||
Xa>k>ool |
susceptibility to __ |
||
Lubawool |
Loss of will, listlessness |
||
Mak tzil |
Restlessness of the spirit |
||
K>ak> as ik> |
evil wind: "whirlwind" |
||
p. 178 Tu hentan ta iik>al |
__ |
mouth becometh pursed, eyen grow small |
|
__ k>an |
__ of the snake |
||
p. 179 __ xkaban |
__ of the hummingbird |
||
Suhuy __ |
small __ in the street |
||
__ ibel |
(putting on a hat, a snake appeareth) |
||
Suhuy[-te>] ximbal iik> |
tiny __s that pass = 2-headed snakes that pass below hammock |
||
iik> |
evil wind of / brought by __ (animal) |
||
p. 179 __al xoc^ |
owl ["when the owl hoots it is pulling out the fingernails of one who is going to die." p. 248] |
p. 250 "Kill an owl, remove it claws, ... and keep them." |
|
__al koos |
witch-bird: white east wind, black west wind, red south wind, yellow north wind |
? movements like a bird's |
p. 233 "Burn one feather from the coos bird" {crow?} |
C^ak dzi dzib alkab __ |
cardinal (looked at through trees) |
||
C^apat> __ |
centipede |
||
C^imes __ |
yellow centipede |
||
Ooc^ __ |
emmet |
||
p. 180 Alkab k>ok> ob __ |
snake or green iguana which talketh and laugheth like a woman |
||
Sxhithits> (?) behi |
little jumping field-mouse |
||
C^o> |
rat (children not sleeping) |
||
Huantul (Huntul, p. 248) wakax __ |
cattle (chill & shivers) |
||
__a eki pol keho> |
wasps' nest lodgeth in antlers of a deer |
||
__al keeh |
deer ("very high fevers leading to death") |
||
Kamaya> __ |
"black cat conjured by witchcraft" |
||
Xtus __ |
little lizard (producing asphyxia by breathing air at a grave) |
||
Iik> |
other animals related to "wind" |
||
p. 180 Xc^iwol alkab __ |
__ tarantula |
||
p. 181 Sinaan ximbal __ |
__ scorpion |
||
Xko>c^>iic^>[-alkab] __ |
bird of the evil __ (people go crazy after this bird flieth over them) |
||
Tzaa kin |
small insect with shrill cry which announceth the __ |
||
p. 181 Iik> |
evil "wind" caused by spirits of places |
||
K>akal __ |
__ of cuyo (stone burial mounds) [wind at 12 noon, 6 p.m., 5 a.m., p. 247] |
||
__ k>aha> |
__ of water (rain) |
||
Rekai muyal |
disease of the red cloud |
||
K>ohani kabak (kakab, p. 250) __ |
__ produced by the aluxob (deities) -- hallucinations |
p. 250 offer saka` as food for the aluxob |
|
__al alux |
__ of the alux |
||
Iik> |
winds from the 4 directions |
||
p. 181 K>an c^ik>in |
red-cloud west wind (wind of bile, affecting the will) |
||
p. 182 Nohol __ |
south wind (beneficent) |
||
Lak>in __ |
east wind |
||
Xaman[-kan] |
north wind (diseases of the eyen, headache) |
||
p. 182 |
winds relating to the incompletion of a promise |
||
Xlu muk, xk>a-muk ool |
weak, exhausted (person's will returning when promise is fulfilled) |
||
Hik>al hanli kol |
food of milpa causing headache, fever, dejection |
||
p. 182 (p. 53) |
"eye of the" wind |
||
k>a>am (k>a>an, p, 53) |
__ cloudy sky |
||
luum |
__ earthly wind |
||
yi ka ha> |
__ water |
stool blueish or white if thunder or white clouds |
p. 241 uta C^aak (excrement of the god C^aak, an alga) |
kiin |
__ sun |
in boys, right eye smaller than the left |
|
mama uuh |
__ moon |
in girls, left eye smaller than the right |
|
aluz (alux, p. 53) |
__ alux [walking in countryside without shirt, p. 242] |
[sleepiness during day, restlessness at night; "one often talks between waking and dreaming." p. 242] |
p. 242 perform ke>h offering of egg |
balam |
__ spirit of wild places |
||
p. 182 |
winds relating to curandero |
||
Halac^ pac^ ik> |
wind left by witches when they pass in the road |
||
p. 183 |
winds that attack parts of the body: "air of the" |
||
Hole ali |
__ head |
||
Zipit k>aak |
__ genitals |
||
p. 183 |
other winds |
||
C^akiikal |
air of praegnant women |
||
Kubemba |
insolent wind |
||
Xpap iik> |
wind which circulateth around the body and stingeth like chili pepper {cf. pap in RB, p. 138} |
p. 246 each hmeen (shaman) "might have relations with 15 or so wind spirits."
prophylactics against wind illnesses
illness |
prophylactic |
Yi ka ha> |
p. 241 necklace of contraojo fruit |
Ho> k>o k>iik tu tuc^ |
p. 244 necklace with black thread & 18 spines of cazo`n (small shark) |
p. 250 "Wahikol and lo>corral consist of a ceremony in which ... the performer spins 13 times to the right and then 13 to the left."
RB = Ralph L. Roys: Ritual of the Bacabs. U. of OK Pr, 1965.
MIChW = Maureen Trudelle Schwartz: Moulded in the Image of Changing Woman. U. of AZ Pr, 1997.
ChDT = Yoshio Manaka: Chasing the Dragon's Tail. Paradigm Publications, Brookline (MA), 1995.
BM = W. F. Ryan: The Bathhouse at Midnight. PA State U. Pr, 1999.
Herna`n Garci`a; Antonio Sierra; Gilberto Bala`m (translated by] Jeff Conant): Wind in the Blood. North Atlantic Books, Berkeley, 1999.
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Acupuncture is also a part of Mayan traditional medicine in Pete`n http://chinesetherapeutics.org/MagneticMoon.Aug2003.vol.2.1.html
and in Belize http://belize1.com/BzLibrary/trust556.htm
Similarities between Maya and Chinese acupunctures are described at :
http://www.gavinmenzies.net/pages/evidence-1421/content.asp?EvidenceID=398
http://chinesetherapeutics.org/MayanandChinesehealthsystemscompared.PDF
http://chinesetherapeutics.org/wordofthewind.PDF
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